National Meteorological Information Center, CMA March 16, 2005, Jakarta

1. Role of RTH Beijing in exchanging tsunami-related informationand Status of the GTS system at RTH Beijing National Meteorological Information Center, CMA March 16, 2005, Jakarta

2. Outline • Requirements analysis • Role of RTH Beijing in exchanging tsunami-related information • Status of the GTS system at RTH Beijing

3. Requirements analysis

4. Functions of the TEWS • Monitoring seismic and tidal stations throughout the India Ocean • Evaluating potentially tsunamigenic earthquakes • Disseminating tsunami warning information • Key components of the TEWS • Observation network • Monitoring and evaluating centers for potentially tsunamigenic earthquakes • Communication network for collecting, exchanging and disseminating tsunami-related information in the India Ocean

5. Information types, formats and transmission systems • ASCII • observations • warnings • Binary data formats • products • Graphical formats • products • warnings • GTS links • Internet • Local leased lines • Satellite System • HF Radio • Commercial radio and TV channels • … • Meteorological observations, products • Oceanic observations, products • Seismic observations, products • Both real-time data and non real-time data

6. Meteorological Observation Network Oceanic Observation Network Seismic Observation Network Tsunami Warning System Observations Observations Observations Observations Productions Warnings GTS GTS/DCP/Internet GTS/DCP/Internet GTS/Leased line/Internet/ Satellite based broadcast GTS Centers (NMHSs in WMO Member Countries ) Observations Productions Warnings Warnings Internet Disseminators Intranet Leased line Warnings - Governments - Public • Concerned Services • - Oceanic service • Seismic service • … Internet Disseminators Data flow in the TEWS-IO

7. Operational rules needed for the tsunami-related information exchange • Data codes • Format of observations (?) • Format of warnings (T1T2=WE) • Format of products (?) • Communication means and protocols • Other rules • Time delays • Request/reply for Tsunami data

8. Data codes • Potential problem on sharing data among different services and organizations • Suggested solution • Using GTS codes to exchange tsunami information among the different countries • Developing the abilities of translating tsunami information between the GTS codes and the special formats which are used by the other services or organizations at the concerned GTS centers

9. Communication means and protocols • Communication means • Data collection/Data exchange • GTS/Leased lines/Internet • Data distribution • GTS/Satellite based broadcasting/Internet • Protocols • TCP/IP • File based transmission • Transmission procedures • GTS based transmission • Requirements: upgrading the current asynchronous circuits and X.25 circuits in concerned GTS centers to IP links • WMO FTP • Internet based transmission • FTP • E-mail • Web data Ingest

10. Role of RTH Beijing in exchanging tsunami-related information

11. Collecting tsunami-related information from other GTS centers via GTS and Internet • Collecting tsunami-related information from other concerned services (e.g. State Oceanic Service, China Earthquake Administration) in China via local leased lines • Translating tsunami information between GTS codes and the special formats which are used by the other services in China • Disseminating tsunami-related information to other GTS centers via GTS, CMA’s PCVSAT broadcasting system, and Internet • Disseminating tsunami-related information to other concerned services (e.g. State Oceanic Service, State Seismic Service) in China via local leased lines

12. Status of the GTS system at RTH Beijing

13. The GTS links at RTH Beijing

14. The GTS System at RTH Beijing FTP E-mail DMZ Internet Web Server Cisco PIX Firewall RMDCN Routers Cisco 2620 (HSRP) Offenbach Tokyo Moscow IP over FR • Back End • IBM P650 • Duplicated system • UNIX based Cisco PIX Firewall GTS Router Cisco 3640 IP over FR Seoul • Front End • AlphaServer ES40 • Duplicated system • UNIX Bangkok X.25 circuits Router New Delhi Asynchronous circuits Hanoi Pyongyang MSS Ulan Bator Supporting FTP, TCP sockets, X.25, Asynchronous

15. Daily traffic on GTS links

25. In addition to the GTS links • The data exchange between Beijing and Kazakhstan has been started from 2004. • Internet • E-mail based data exchange • Data exchanged: observations

26. Future Plans • Beijing-New Delhi GTS link • Being upgraded in March • The new link: 8/8kbps FR link (RMDCN) • Data exchange: FTP • Suggestions on Beijing-Bangkok GTS link • To better support the exchange of tsunami warnings and information, the Beijing-Bangkok circuit should be upgraded from X.25 to TCP/IP.

27. Conclusions

28. The current GTS, with improvement in circuit capacity and communication protocols, can serve as a backbone for cross boundary tsunami data exchange.. • The Internet can be used for exchanging data and products. • Cost effective • Supplement to GTS • The satellite-based broadcasting systems can be used for data dissemination • Supplement to the low speed GTS links • Improving the data collection in small NHMSs • RTH Beijing can support tsunami data exchange both via GTS and over Internet

29. Thank you!