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Roman republic

Roman republic. The Romans Create a Republic. Geography of Rome and the surrounding area:. 1. Located on the Italian Peninsula, which sticks out into the Mediterranean Sea 2. Natural barriers for protection: Alps to the north

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Roman republic

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  1. Roman republic The Romans Create a Republic

  2. Geography of Rome and the surrounding area: • 1. Located on the Italian Peninsula, which sticks out into the Mediterranean Sea • 2. Natural barriers for protection: Alps to the north • 3. Rome itself was built on the Tiber River, which flows into the Mediterranean Sea

  3. Geography of Rome and the surrounding area: • 4. Soil around Rome = Fertile • 5. Lay of the land around Rome: city built on seven hills • 6. Rome sits at the midpoint of the Mediterranean Sea which allowed for protections as well as sea-borne trade and commerce

  4. early groups video

  5. Three influential groups that contributed to Roman culture: • 1. Latins– farmers, shepherds who settled along the Tiber River, a region called Latium • 2. Etruscans- from Northern Italy – metalworkers and engineers, Romans adopted their alphabet and arch • 3. Greeks – established colonies in Southern Italy and Sicily. Romans adopted their polytheistic religion.

  6. The Beginnings of Rome: • According to legend…. Romulus and Remus were children (descendants from a Trojan prince and the gods) abandoned on the Tiber River and raised by she-wolves. They founded Rome.

  7. The Early Republic: • 1. Etruscan kings ruled and expanded Rome- agriculture, temples • 2. Last king of Rome was a tyrant – Tarquin the Proud who was overthrown by aristocrats

  8. The Early Republic: • 3. Established a Republic – definition: form of government in which power rests with citizens who vote for their leaders (freeborn males only in Rome)

  9. Stop!!!!!!!!!!!! • List similarities between Rome and Athens about how their government evolved to reach democracy/republic

  10. Social Structure of the Roman Republic: 1. Patricians – aristocratic landowners who controlled most of the power • Inherited power and social status, allowed to make laws

  11. Social Structure of the Roman Republic: 2. Plebians- common farmers, artisans, merchants who made up a majority of the population • citizens with the right to vote, but could not hold government position • Tribunes – elected representatives for Plebians that served in the Senate

  12. Social Structure of the Roman Republic: 3. Foreigners- could be citizens

  13. Social Structure of the Roman Republic: 4. Slaves- no power, NOT based on race –prisoners of war

  14. Governmental Structure of the Republic: • 1. Consuls - two officials who commanded army and directed government - limited power: term length – one year, power to veto each other

  15. Governmental Structure of the Republic: • 2. Senate - aristocratic branch of government, 300 men from the upper class - term length – life membership, which provided continuity and stability -powers – influence over foreign affairs and domestic policy

  16. Governmental Structure of the Republic: • 3. Assemblies – more democratic side of the government, two types - Centuriate Assembly – all citizen-soldiers for life - powers – 1. Selected consuls 2. made laws - Tribal Assembly – made up of plebeians - powers – 1. Elected Tribunes 2. made laws for commoners

  17. Governmental Structure of the Republic: • 4. Dictator – served only in times of crisis for six months - chosen by consuls and elected by the Senate - powers – had absolute power to make laws and command the army - EX: Cincinnatus

  18. Roman Government DICTATOR 2 CONSULS SENATE ASSEMBLIES CENTURIATE Citizen-soldiers TRIBAL Plebeians

  19. Rights and responsibilities of a Roman citizen: • 1. Right to vote • 2. Pay taxes • 3. Serve in the military • First written code of Rome, serves as basis of Roman law – Twelve Tables

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