Confucianism

1. Confucianism Comparative Religions

2. Confucius • Kung Fu-tzu • Kung the Master • Born around 551 BCE in the __________________ province • Raised by a single mother • Became a ____________in his early 20s • Goal was to hold public office in Chinese _______________________ The First Teacher

3. At 50 years old, he began a _____year journey from state to state spouting his beliefs/wisdom • Faithful ______________followed him on this journey • Eventually was invited to return _______. • Spent the last _________years of his life editing the Chinese classics • Died in 479 BCE at _____years old.

4. Confucius taught using the ____________ method • Conversed with his students regarding _____________ they posed in the conversations • Cite different _________________ • Ask _______________________questions • He presented himself to his students, not as their leader, but as a fellow _______________

5. Mission of his students • _____________________society • His teaching • Passion for learning made him a _____________ • _________________kept him from being a fanatic • His preferences • Preferred _______________over power and wealth • May not have held a government office while alive, but has ended up the man who has _________________Chinese gov’t more than anyone else.

6. Social Anarchy • Confucius lived during the time in China that is known as the Period of the _____________ States • The _________________Dynasty was dead • ______________________was dead • To keep society from destroying itself, Confucius knew he needed to reinvent ___________________ The Problem Confucius Faced

7. Two important points of Tradition: • 1. The degree to which tradition can ___________ a society is amazing! • 2. Tradition influences society ___________________. • Confucius’s contemporaries were guided by • ______________________ self-interest instead of group-conscious social expectations • So, how did he re-invent Tradition?????

8. Enlightenment says _______________ people • Realists say “_______ ‘em to make ‘em behave” • Mo Ti, a Chinese philosopher, said “don’t use force, use ___________” (a hippie way before his time) • Which would Confucius choose?????? Rival Answers

9. Confucius chose tradition. • He longed for the ________________ times of the Chou Dynasty. • He began to deliberately use tradition because the people of his day had lost respect for the ___________________ that spontaneous tradition should have been causing. • He met two conditions of re-vitalizing tradition to set the stage for its acceptance • He made it ________________ with the past by tying it with what was already familiar • He realized what wasn’t working and needed ___________________ in the old way Confucius’s Answer

10. Confucius had to decide how tradition would __________________ society • Make _______________ideas a part of every aspect of society • Temples, theaters, homes, toys, proverbs, schools, history, stories, etc. • He used his ______________to fit this pattern. • His students recorded these in the ____________________

11. Confucius used five ideals to make tradition deliberate • 1. _______________ • 2. Chun Tzu • 3. _______________ • 4. Te • 5. _______________ The Content of Deliberate Tradition

12. Jen • The ideal relationship between people • _________________ • _________________ • _________________ • Chun Tzu • Humanity at its _______________– Jen has been reached by everyone

13. Li • The way things _______________be done • Rectification of Names – ____________ roles should be defined • Doctrine of the Mean – nothing in _________________ • Five Constant Relationships • _______________________________ • Husband and wife • _______________________________ • Friends • _______________________________ • Age – age earns respect due to the _________________ older people possess. • Rituals – following the right details of relationships means life is essentially _____________________ and works well

14. Te • The power of _________________ example • Society needs leaders who are respected and admired, who set the right examples of _____ • Wen • The arts of ___________________ • Music, poetry, painting • The sum of culture in its _______________ mode

15. A good man or woman is always trying to become ____________________ • A Confucian keeps him/herself active in society – they aren’t _____________________ • They recognize that the ____________ is the center of relationships • A meeting place where lives ______________ • Five Constant Relationships has the roles in each relationship different – does this make one person superior to the other? • No, not as long as they know and practice their role __________________. • Abuse of the relationship occurs when the roles are not __________________. The Confucian Project

16. The Five Constant Relationships automatically built the __________________ into Confucian-style politics. • Heaven sees as the people see; heaven wills as the people will • The Confucian scheme calls for continual ___________________ at all levels of relationships. If all works together well peace is achieved.

17. Confucius believed the world was divided into ______________ and ___________ • Ancestors were in Heaven (____) that was controlled by the Supreme Ancestor – ______________ • Earth had ___________ on it, waiting to move to Heaven (ti) • __________________ was more important • Earth communicated with Heaven via sacrifice • The channel for this communication was called __________________ Ethics or Religion?

18. It was important to communicate with ancestors because they knew the past and that helped them ______________ those on Earth regarding the future. • Ancestors couldn’t talk, so they sent _______– weather signs, animal signs, physical signs, etc. • Confucius shifted the emphasis from Heaven to _____________ in his teachings.

19. A hotly debated topic of his day: • Which should come ___________ earthlings or ancestors? • Confucius said ______________ – ancestors are already dead. • This shifted attention away from ancestor worship to ________________. • He did say to continue to revere ancestors “as if they were present”

20. Confucius believed there was a power in the universe that made sure “___________” was rewarded. • He called this the Will of Heaven – the first thing ______________ will respect. • Confucius believed once all was right with the self, the person would become _______ with humanity and the universe.

21. Confucianism founded a class of _______________ who would become the ruling elite in China. • Confucius became the most important figure in __________________ history • 130 BCE Confucian texts were the basic discipline to train _____________ officials • The ______________ Dynasty made Confucianism China’s state religion Impact on China

22. China combines Confucianism with other things in life • Confucian in ________________and public life • Taoist in __________________life and hygiene • Buddhist in matters relating to _____________ • Shamanistic ________________added in • Scholars believe ancestor worship and filial piety have made the ____________ the religion of China

23. Due to Confucianism and its Doctrine of the ________________, the Chinese today still consider it a _________________to have to settle matters in court • Due to Wen, Chinese culture was very strong in the arts – even invaders often _________________ into the Chinese way of life • Growth of many East Asian countries can be attributed to Confucianism – link social technology with scientific technology and get the formula for _________________success!