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The Transition To ISBN-13

The Transition To ISBN-13. Agenda. Book Industry Study Group ISBN-10 Transitions To ISBN-13 What is the transition? Why is the transition happening? ISBN-13 and the Bar Code Global Trade Item Number - GTIN. The Transition To ISBN-13. BISG Book Industry Study Group. About BISG.

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The Transition To ISBN-13

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  1. The Transition To ISBN-13

  2. Agenda • Book Industry Study Group • ISBN-10 Transitions To ISBN-13 • What is the transition? • Why is the transition happening? • ISBN-13 and the Bar Code • Global Trade Item Number - GTIN

  3. The Transition To ISBN-13 BISG Book Industry Study Group

  4. About BISG Industry-wide trade association for policy, standards, and research, composed of: Publishers Libraries Booksellers, Retailers Wholesalers, Distributors Printers and Paper Manufacturers Consulting, Service & Tech Companies

  5. BISG, BISAC, and the ISBN • BISAC is a division of BISG • BISAC has promoted ISBN and its use in the book industry supply chain for over 30 years • BISG and BISAC are partnering with other industry organizations to prepare for the ISBN-13 transition • AAP • US ISBN Agency • ABA • ACTS and NASTA

  6. The Transition To ISBN-13 ISBN-10 Transitions To ISBN-13

  7. ISBN (ISBN-10) Origin • International Standard Book Number • Developed over 30 years ago to provide a unique, standard identifier for books • Prior to the ISBN, publishers either did not assign numbers to books or assigned proprietary numbers • When ISBN was introduced, transactions between organizations in the book industry were largely manual

  8. ISBN – How We’ve Benefited • ISBN-10 as a standard product identifier has enabled significant efficiencies all along the book industry supply chain • Publishing • Distribution • Retailing • Industry-wide Reporting • Now, ISBN-13 opens the door to efficiencies on an even broader scale, through compatibility with global standards

  9. ISBN-10 Transitions To ISBN-13 • As of January 1, 2007, the ISBN will be re-defined in length and construction • It will become a 13-digit identifier (ISBN-13) rather than a 10-digit identifier (ISBN-10) • Initially, ISBN-13 will be identical to today’s Bookland EAN - 9780940016736 • As the current supply of numbers is exhausted, some new ISBN-13s will be prefixed with ‘979’ instead of ‘978’

  10. ISBN-10 Components 0-940016-73-7 • Part I – Language Group 0 • Part II – (Assigning) Publisher 940016 • Part III – Title 73 • Part IV – Check Digit 7

  11. ISBN-10 Transitions to ISBN-13 0-940016-73-7 978-0-940016-73-6 • EAN Country Prefix 978 (979) • Part I – Language Group 0 • Part II – (Assigning) Publisher 940016 • Part III – Title 73 • Part IV – Check Digit 6

  12. ISBN-10 Bookland EAN Bookland EAN is the ISBN-13 • For over 20 years, the Bookland EAN has been used as a mechanism to convey the ISBN-10 • Now it will become the ISBN-13 ISBN-13

  13. ISBN-13 – Why Is It Happening? • To increase available numbers for books • There are many new publishers, especially small presses, who need ISBNs • Publishing in areas where there was little activity has increased significantly • Introducing a new prefix to increase the available numbers has been compared to introducing new area codes to provide more telephone numbers

  14. ISBN-13 – Why Is It Happening? • To become part of the global numbering system for product identification • Trade booksellers offer many non-book products • General retailers sell books • ISBN-13 represents a step in standardization just as ISBN-10 did 30 years ago • ISBN-13 becomes part of the EAN.UCC global product numbering system

  15. ISBN-13s Are EANs • EANs are the 13-digit product identification numbers used globally • EAN is the “International Article Number” • Originally “European Article Number” • General retailing is aligning with global practice through “2005 Sunrise” • Compliant organizations are able to handle 13-digit identifiers in addition to the UPC • In format, construction, and allocation ISBN-13s are EANs

  16. Converting ISBN-10s to ISBN-13s • The conversion procedure is the same one used for 20 years to encode the ISBN-10 for the Bookland EAN You may: • Convert existing ISBN-10s to ISBN-13s with EAN prefix 978 • Convert ISBN-13s with EAN prefix 978 back to ISBN-10 equivalents

  17. Conversion Don’ts Do not: • Attempt to convert ISBN-13s with EAN prefix 979 to ISBN-10s! • There is no ISBN-10 equivalent for an ISBN-13 beginning with 979 • Attempt to make ISBN-13s by prefixing an existing ISBN-10 with 979! • The result is either invalid or duplicates a valid ISBN-13 assigned elsewhere

  18. Handling the Full ISBN-13 • Can we base internal systems on ISBN-10 and just convert to ISBN-13 for the “outside world”? • Significant reason not to – eventually, new ISBN-13s will begin with ‘979’ • But what if our systems work on a SKU or “title code”? • Then only cross reference tables and displays need be transitioned to the full ISBN-13

  19. Phasing in the ISBN-13 • A phased transition, as compared to an abrupt cutover, is always encouraged • Dual numbering wherever ISBNs are displayed for human reading is strongly advocated during the transition • Show both ISBN-10 and ISBN-13 • In books and in printed documents

  20. Dual Numbering – On Cover 4 • An example of dual numbering • Displaying ISBN-10 until publication dates of January 2007 is recommended • Some publishers are electing to begin showing both formats now ISBN-10 1-4028-9462-7 ISBN-13 978-1-4028-9462-6

  21. The Transition To ISBN-13 ISBN-13 The Bar Code

  22. No Change In The Bar Code • The ISBN-10 transitions to the ISBN-13 in January 2007, but there is no change in the Bookland EAN bar code itself

  23. Two Changes in Bar Coding • Display only the Bookland EAN on Cover 4 (back cover) • One – Discontinue two bar codes on Cover 4 • Two - Replace the Price Point UPC on mass market paperbacks and some juvenile titles • These changes are possible as a result of the “2005 Sunrise” initiative • General retailing is making its own transition and will be able to use Bookland EAN bar code

  24. The Transition To ISBN-13 GTIN Global Trade Item Number

  25. What is the GTIN? • The Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) is actually a family of identifiers that includes: • UPC – Used by general retailing in the US • EAN – Used by retailing globally • ISBN-13 – Becoming the standard for books • “GTIN Format” means expressing any of these identifiers in fourteen digits by prefixing them with zeros • This number is correctly called “EAN/UCC-14” • It is widely referred to simply as “The GTIN”

  26. How Is The GTIN Used? • It is the item identifier for transactions in the global supply chain, such as: Product Data (Metadata) Receiving Ordering Invoicing • GTIN is not a product identifier for marking individual items • GTINs appear today on cartons (cases) in general retailing; they are especially noticeable in grocery stores

  27. How Is The GTIN Built? • At the item level, by placing the ISBN-13 (or any other EAN) in a 14-digit field and prefixing with ‘0’ • Prefixes ‘1’ – ‘8’ have significance as packaging level indicators ISBN-13 978-0-940016-73-6 GTIN 09780940016736

  28. Why The GTIN? • Adopting the 14-digit GTIN standard aligns the book industry with national and global supply chain practices • Enables participation in global product data synchronization (data distribution) • Permits the book supply chain to use package level choice (cartons, stacked on pallets)

  29. Data Synchronization – GTIN • The GTIN is the standard identifier for Global Data Synchronization (GDS) • Data synchronization means establishing sources of standardized product data • Data with known, validated attributes (properties) • Data that may be used by all participants in a supply chain

  30. Packaging Level Indication – GTIN • The leading digit of the GTIN permits specifying packaging level (unit, case, pallet) • Packaging level is a major factor in general retail supply chains (case pack handling) • Most ordering is by case pack • The case pack identification in GTIN format is evident in the bar codes on cases in grocery store aisles

  31. GTIN – BISG Policies • BISG endorses only a 14-digit field length for electronic communications • Communications practices are outward facing – they affect trading partners • A single standard for electronic communication is essential to minimize confusion and duplicate provisions for electronic communications • BISG recommends a product identifier field of at least 14-digits in all databases • If a system is SKU-based, then cross reference tables and displays (screen and hard copy) should comply

  32. ISBN-13 – In Summary • The ISBN will be redefined from ISBN-10 to ISBN-13 as of January 1, 2007 • The ISBN-13 is the same as the number encoded in the Bookland EAN • Conversion routines and workarounds will aid the transition, but handling the full ISBN-13 will be necessary with ‘979’ prefix • There is no change in the bar code itself • It is important in your planning that you consider expressing the ISBN-13 in 14-digit GTIN format

  33. Book Industry Study Group, Inc. Thank you for the opportunity to discuss the ISBN-10 to ISBN-13 transition with you! www.bisg.org/isbn-13

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