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The 2000 Survey of Drug Use Among Students

The Action Committee Against Narcotics (ACAN) by. The 2000 Survey of Drug Use Among Students. Table of content Background I. Admitting & Monitoring the problem II. Age and Drug use - early prevention III. Settings of drug use - curiosity, friends, money, & sex IV. Perceptions & Attitudes

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The 2000 Survey of Drug Use Among Students

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  1. The Action Committee Against Narcotics (ACAN) by The 2000 Survey of Drug Use Among Students

  2. Table of content • Background • I. Admitting & Monitoring the problem • II. Age and Drug use - early prevention • III. Settings of drug use - curiosity, friends, money, & sex • IV. Perceptions & Attitudes • V. Social context - conducive to drug use ? • VI. Type of substance use • VII. Gateway substances • VIII. Adequate Quitting Programs ? • IX. A potential screening instrument • X. Recommendations

  3. Background • 95,788 students surveyed Respond rate 72% Chinese speaking secondary schools 87.3% 8% International schools 91.2% 20% IVE 67.3% • Fieldwork: October 20, 2000 to March 8, 2001 • Anonymous, structured questionnaire (comparable to previous studies) • Two-stage stratified cluster sampling method (by ACAN)

  4. Objectives • To obtain information about the drug use pattern of students in Hong Kong • To access these students’ knowledge and attitudes towards drug use • To find out students’ exposure to the risk of drug use • To study the reason why students use drugs • To identify drug use related factors: demographic, family, attitudinal, behavioral and school

  5. I. Admitting & Monitoring the problem

  6. Prevalence: Ever users Alcohol (%) Tobacco (%) Psy. Sub. (%) Heroin (%)

  7. Prevalence: Current users Alcohol (%) Tobacco (%) Psy. Sub. (%) Heroin (%)

  8. Current users (%) Ever users (%) ‘92 ‘96 ‘00 ‘92 ‘96 ‘00 Alcohol 14.5 25.8 30.2 73.9 71.0 79.7 Tobacco 9.0 10.1 9.7 26.8 23.7 22.2 Heroin 0.1 0.8 0.9 0.4 2.1 2.6 Psychoactive substances 0.8 0.6 2.1 3.1 2.7 4.1 Prevalence current / ever users

  9. Frequency (current psychoactive substance use) • 35 % at least once per week • 57% at least once per two weeks

  10. Prevalence: Heroin ever-users Ordinary Day School (%) International School (%) IVE (Full Time) (%) IVE (Part Time) (%)

  11. Prevalence: Psychoactive substances ever-users Ordinary Day School (%) International School (%) IVE (Full Time) (%) IVE (Part Time) (%)

  12. Prevalence: Psychoactive substances current-users Ordinary Day School (%) International School (%) IVE (Full Time) (%) IVE (Part Time) (%)

  13. School type

  14. School type

  15. School type ~ Prevalence (Ever-users)

  16. School type ~ Prevalence (Current users) ** Significant after adjusting for age (Table 4.8.2, 4.8.1) * Age distribution (Table 1.1.3) *** Change of prevalence of heroin use was stable for all school types except among IVE part-time students (0.6% in 92, 1.9% in 96 and 3.1% in 00)

  17. II. Age and Drug use- early prevention

  18. Prevalence of “substance users” by age Current users Ever users

  19. Characteristics of ever-users

  20. Age of first use of different drugs (ever users) : ≦ 12

  21. Characteristics of Ever-users Age of first used (years old)

  22. Prevalence of using psychotropic substance use for different age groups • * ACAN 2000 • study • @ another • study

  23. Prevalence of using psychotropic substance by employment status Among aged 18-24 (Males)

  24. Many users start using drugs between age 15 – 18, especially among school leavers

  25. III. Settings of drug use - curiosity, friends, money, & sex

  26. Characteristics of Ever-users Reasons for first drug use

  27. Characteristics of Ever-users Places taking drugs – Ever-users

  28. Characteristics of Ever-users With whom ? (Ever-users)

  29. Characteristics of Ever-users Source of drug for Ever-users (if desired)

  30. Sex and Drug • 29.8% of all ever-users of psychoactive substances had had sexual intercourse after drug use • male 37.2% • female 19.5%

  31. Characteristics of Ever-users Source of Money

  32. IV. Perceptions & Attitudes

  33. Perception / Attitudes % Perceived not harmful Male Female Heroin Psy. Sub. Ecstasy / K

  34. Perception / Attitudes % Perceived not addictive Male Female Taking Psy.sub. as hobby Heroin Psy. sub. Ecstasy / K

  35. Perception / Attitudes % Approval of use (Occasional use) Male Female Heroin Psy. sub.

  36. Perception / Attitudes • Inclination for future drug use: 12.9% Male 13.7% Female 12.0% (Likely / very likely to use psy. sub. is significant to predict abuse)

  37. Perception / Attitudes % Perceived not harmful Students Ever Using Heroin or Psychoactive Substances Students Never Using Heroin or Psychoactive Substances Heroin Psy. Sub. Ecstasy / K

  38. Perception / Attitudes % Perceived not addictive Students Ever Using Heroin or Psychoactive Substances Students Never Using Heroin or Psychoactive Substances Taking Psy.sub. as hobby Heroin Psy. sub. Ecstasy / K

  39. Perception / Attitudes % Approval of use (Occasional use) Students Ever Using Heroin or Psychoactive Substances Students Never Using Heroin or Psychoactive Substances Heroin Psy. sub.

  40. V. Social context- conducive to drug use ?

  41. Social context - Family • 5% had one or both parents passed away 12.4% not living with both parents • Communication and appreciation are lacking About 50%-60% found their situation: similar to – ‘parents do not understand their children’ dissimilar to – ‘parents want to hear their children’s problem’, ‘parents like they way their children are’ • 3% reported beaten to injury by their parents in the past six months

  42. Social context - Schooling • Perceived too much pressure from school work (50%) • Being blamed by teachers and parents due to undesirable academic performance (19%) • Being bullied by classmates / schoolmates (Female 13%, Male 22%)

  43. Exposure to risk (1) • Involved with triad society - Male 10%, Female 6% • Acquaintance with drug users: 15% • Not mind getting along with drug users: 29%

  44. Exposure to risk (2) • Easy to obtain drugs Heroin 11% Pyshoactive substances 14% • Ever being offered psychoactive substances 6% at disco / rave parties 39.4% in China 3.3% offered from friends 55.3% offered from classmates 20.7%

  45. Social connectiveness School ? (Exposure to risk) Family The mentioned characteristics were highly significant in predicting substance use

  46. VI. Type of substance use

  47. Patterns for current use of psychoactive substances • MDMA and Ketamine most commonly used, except that cannabis was the most common psychoactive substance used by current users in international schools • Number of using cannabis and cough medicine declines • Female was more likely to use MDMA than male • Students under age 12 were less likely to use MDMA but more likely to use cough medicine, solvents etc.

  48. Most commonly Ever & Current used drugs % %

  49. Ever Users Current Users MDMA 41.8% MDMA 38.2% Cannabis 38.0% Ketamine 34.5% Ketamine 33.3% Cannabis 26.9% Cough medicine 23.7% Cough medicine 17.5% Solvents 21.1% Solvents 16.5% Methylamphetamine 14.1% Methylamphetamine 12.2% Methaqualone 11.2% Flunitrazepam 11.9% Flunitrazepam 10.8% Methaqualone 11.3% Most commonly ever and current used drugs

  50. Most commonly current used drugs

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