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Introduction to Biotechnology

Introduction to Biotechnology. Written by Phyllis Dumas June 2010. Written by Phyllis Dumas June 2010. What is biotechnology?. A science that uses living organisms or the products from living organisms to benefit humans and their surroundings. Origins of Biotechnology.

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Introduction to Biotechnology

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  1. Introduction to Biotechnology Written by Phyllis Dumas June 2010 Written by Phyllis Dumas June 2010

  2. What is biotechnology? A science that uses living organisms or the products from living organisms to benefit humans and their surroundings.

  3. Origins of Biotechnology Although it seems like a new thing, biotechnology has actually been around for a while: Domesticated plants and animals are the result of selective breeding Using yeast to make bread rise Using bacteria or yeast to ferment grapes into wine

  4. So Why Should I Care? Biotechnology affects agriculture and food safety, healthcare, law enforcement and environmental issues Career opportunities Voting on laws and policies Biotechnology could play a key part in the evidence in court cases

  5. The Biotechnology Toolbox Today, biotechnology is used in three main ways: Directly using cells Placing yeast into a bioreactor to ferment grapes Using the proteins/enzymes made by cells Isolating antibiotics from bacteria for use in human medicine Using the genetic material inside of cell DNA fingerprinting

  6. Applications of Biotechnology: Cloning Cloning is creating a genetically identical copy of something Single cells and DNA are fairly easy to clone, but cloning entire organisms becomes increasingly difficult Cloning uses an egg cell from one donor and DNA from a second donor implanted into a surrogate. • Done to create cells for research, maintain desirable genetics, and save human and animal lives

  7. DNA Fingerprinting DNA fingerprinting is identifying the pattern of certain sequences in parts of DNA DNA is isolated, copied, cut into pieces, and separated based on size using gel electrophoresis. Probes are then used to find specific DNA sequences. Can be used for maternity or paternity tests and in forensics to determine identity and compare unknown DNA samples to find out if a suspect is guilty or not

  8. Modern Biotechnology Modern biotechnology has been impacted by developments in the fields of biology, chemistry, genetics, and microbiology and also incorporates techniques from physics and mathematics

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