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Ecological Relationships

Ecological Relationships. Reflection question using this picture: What are some components within an ecosystem? How is an ecosystem different than a community?. What is an ecosystem?. – a community and its abiotic factors. What is a community?.

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Ecological Relationships

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  1. Ecological Relationships

  2. Reflection question using this picture:What are some components withinan ecosystem?How is an ecosystem different than a community?

  3. What is an ecosystem? – a community and its abiotic factors What is a community? a group of populations that are living and interacting with one another. They are interdependent (depend on one another) • a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area What is a population? Communities are the building blocks of ecosystems

  4. Do you remember what an abiotic factor is? non-living http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://images.tutorvista.com/content/feed/tvcs/biotic-abiotic_0.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.tutorvista.com/biology/abiotic-factors-of-the-tundra&h=450&w=501&sz=19&tbnid=SYQkkfMdj84QxM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=100&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dabiotic%2Bfactors%26tbm%3Disch%26tbo%3Du&zoom=1&q=abiotic+factors&usg=__3qTZObCF00i3HUSdOjDKuwX5Pi4=&docid=nuQbIbk8ywn28M&hl=en&sa=X&ei=c10yUKCdBIS9ywGN7YCgCA&sqi=2&ved=0CGEQ9QEwBg&dur=501

  5. Within Communities Biodiversity = the number of species in an ecosystem Crucial to ecosystem productivity Territory = space claimed by an individual organism Required by all living things Ecological Equilibrium = state of “balance” in an ecosystem http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/about/environment/faqs/biodiversity.jpg

  6. Ecological Relationships The role in their habitat Ex: Fox helps control small animal populations. - an Ecological relationship is a relationship between animals and their habitat http://www.cs.umbc.edu/courses/undergraduate/201/fall06/projects/p1/fox-rabbit.jpg

  7. A niche is the sum of all activities and relationships a species has while obtaining and using resources needed to survive and reproduce • NICHE – an organism’s “role” in an ecosystem (job) • NICHE DIVERSITY– Number of niches in an ecosystem; often determined by abiotic factors

  8. 1. Competition: When species or individuals “fight” for the same resources. E.g., Food, shelter…. KEYSTONE PREDATOR/SPECIES - A predator that causes a large increase in diversity of its habitat. The “fight” may be indirect … individuals may never directly contact each other. Losing a keystone species usually disrupts many ecological relationships. http://www.butler.edu/herbarium/prairie/prairie42004.jpg Two species with similar needs for same limited resources cannot coexist.

  9. Herbivory: A primary consumer feeds on a producer. 2. Feeding Relationships http://www.smilinglizard.com/1a291aa0.jpg http://images.inmagine.com/168nwm/creatas/cr15169/cr15169065.jpg A fruit bat eating a papaya A woodchuck eating wild clover

  10. 2. Feeding Relationships Predation: actively hunting your food source (carnivory) http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Publications/ZooGoer/2006/3/IMAGES/lion_zebra.jpg A lion eating zebra. http://www.citypaper.net/blogs/clog/wp-content/uploads/2007/06/close-up-bald-eagle-eating.jpg • A consumer feeds on another consumer. An eagle eating halibut.

  11. 3. Symbiosis: • A long-term relationship where two species live closely together and at least one benefits directly from the relationship. http://www.floridastateparks.org/maclaygardens/images/wallpaper/1024-PL-MAC-Symbiosis-MarkFerrulo.jpg

  12. Mutualism: • Both organisms benefit from the relationship. • Win-Win situation! http://tumi-educational-resources.org/Educational%20%20Videos.htm

  13. Commensalism • One organism benefits, the other one is unaffected. • Win-Neutral relationship

  14. Parasitism • One organism benefits, the other one is harmed! • Win-Lose relationship • Parasites rarely kill their hosts…it would require them to get another one!

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