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Satellite observing system Model/data updates & plans Satellite observations in operational NWP

ECMWF Status Report 21 st North America – Europe Data Exchange Meeting P. Bauer and colleagues 9-11 December 2009. Satellite observing system Model/data updates & plans Satellite observations in operational NWP Satellite observations in reanalysis

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Satellite observing system Model/data updates & plans Satellite observations in operational NWP

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  1. ECMWF Status Report21st North America – Europe Data Exchange MeetingP. Bauerand colleagues9-11 December 2009 NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  2. Satellite observing system Model/data updates & plans Satellite observations in operational NWP Satellite observations in reanalysis Satellite observations in atmospheric chemistry Future NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  3. Satellite observing system Model/data updates & plans Satellite observations in operational NWP Satellite observations in reanalysis Satellite observations in atmospheric chemistry Future NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  4. Satellite observing system NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  5. Current sounder/scatterometer observing system NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  6. Current ozone observing system Current GPSRO observing system NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  7. Data monitoring – time series Time evolution of statistics over predefined areas/surfaces/flags (M. Dahoui) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  8. Data monitoring – overview plots Time evolution of statistics for several channels Useful for quick and routine verifications Can not be used for high spectral resolution sounders RTTOV version upgrade (M. Dahoui) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  9. Email-alert Email alert: Soft limits (mean ± 5 stdev being checked, calculated from past statistics over a period of 20 days, ending 2 days earlier) Hard limits (fixed) Data monitoring – automated warnings http://www.ecmwf.int/products/forecasts/satellite_check/ Selected statistics are checked against an expected range. E.g., global mean bias correction for GOES-12 (in blue): (M. Dahoui & N. Bormann) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  10. Data monitoring – automated warnings (M. Dahoui & N. Bormann) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  11. Satellite data monitoring Data monitoring – automated warnings (M. Dahoui & N. Bormann) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  12. Satellite observing system Model/data updates & plans Satellite observations in operational NWP Satellite observations in reanalysis Satellite observations in atmospheric chemistry Future NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  13. Recent updates 2008/2009 • Model: • Improved moist physics parameterizations, surface scheme • Non-orographic gravity wave drag scheme (QBO) • Preparation for horizontal resolution upgrade (T1279L91, T639L62 for EPS) • Data assimilation: • EKF surface analysis scheme • Ensemble data assimilation (EPS, B) • Weak-constraint 4D-Var for stratosphere • Satellite Data: • RTTOV-9 • Assimilation of METOP GRAS, monitoring of GOME-2 TCO ozone retrievals • Addition of 10 IASI water vapour channels, overcast cloud-affected radiances • All-sky for microwave imager radiances • Improved HIRS q/c, microwave sounder land surface emissivity • Other: • MACC continues GEMS • ERA-interim runs with small lag behind real time (1989-2009) • Unified VAREPS/monthly prediction system (T399: 0-10, T255: 11-15 days) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  14. Satellite observing system Model/data updates & plans Satellite observations in operational NWP Satellite observations in reanalysis Satellite observations in atmospheric chemistry Future NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  15. ATOVS coverage AMSU-A AMSU-B/MHS HIRS (6-hour period around 3 April 2009, 0Z) (N. Bormann) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  16. FG-departures: AMSU-A Data for 21-25 April 2009; global over sea; used or “passive” data NOAA-19 passive (N. Bormann) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  17. MWHS (Humidity Sounder) vs. NOAA AMSU-B/MHS (before bias correction)‏ NOAA-15 NOAA-16 NOAA-17 NOAA-18 AMSU-B/MHS MWHS • FY-3A MWHS: ch2: 150 GHz, ch3: 183±1 GHz, ch4: 183±3 GHz, ch5:183±7 GHz. • FY-3A MWHS FG departures comparable to later (NOAA-17/18) AMSU-B/MHS. • Data of sufficiently good quality to proceed with assimilation experiments. (Q. Lu) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  18. New land surface emissivity treatment Old emissivity model New dynamic emissivity scheme Observation - Model (B. Krzeminski) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  19. Current use of AIRS/IASI data • AIRS CO2 and H2O channels assimilated since October 2003 (324 channels, 1/9 FOV). • IASI CO2/H2O channels assimilated since June 2007/March 2009 (8461 channels, 1/4 FOV). • Assimilated in clear-sky areas and above clouds; since September 2009 in fully overcast situations, AIRS (not IASI) over land surfaces/sea-ice. • Continuous revision of channel usage, quality control: Ozone channels, PC RT. NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  20. IASI H2O channel impact 10 IASI water vapour channels Grey channels are the 120 H2O channels distributed via the GTS (A. Collard) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  21. IASI H2O channel impact 10 IASI water vapour channels: Fit to other moisture sounder radiances Best value at ~1.5K Normalised to unity here (A. Collard) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  22. IASI/AIRS denial OSEs With full satellite system as background! IASI denial 365 days 500 hPa geopotential Normalized RMSE difference AIRS denial 153 days 500 hPa geopotential Normalized RMSE difference NH NH SH SH (T. McNally) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  23. Observed vs. simulated bias across O3 spectrum (bias corrected), N.H. Ozone analysis vs. sonde observations (01-02/2009, N.H.) Active IASI ozone channel assimilation Jacobians of 321 O3 channels in 9.6m band (black: 16 selected channels) (W. Han) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  24. Verification against MLS(2 Weeks,20090615-20090630) BIAS: <AN-MLS> Std. dev.: <AN-MLS> BASELINE = No O3 Observations BASELINE + SBUV + OMI BASELINE + IASI 16 O3 channels (W. Han) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  25. COSMIC bending angles assimilated (both rising and setting occultations up to 50 km), GRACE-A as back-up, METOP GRAS data assimilated since May 2008. Preparation for OSEs with COSMIC, GRACE-A, SAC-D, Terrasar-X, GRAS. COSMIC-2 support. Assimilation of GPS radio occultation data January 2009 (operations) GRAS COSMIC-4 (S. Healy) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  26. Additional impact of GRAS 24-hour MSLP forecast error NH SH Control No ps observations but GPS No ps observations, no GPS NH (no aircraft T) (S. Healy) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  27. Assimilation of METOP ASCAT winds 6-hour data coverage starting at 00 UTC on 6 June 2007 (~ 280,000 observations). Verification of near-surface wind speed analysis against independent ENVISAT altimeter retrievals. (H. Hersbach) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  28. GOES-11 & 12 - no changes MTSAT May 2009 – Revised height assignment for High and Middle IR AMVs (CCC), new template size (16 pixel), expanded derivation region; August 2009 - Adding 03,09,15,21 UTC AMVs over NH, 24 pixel template September 2009 – Improved tracking Meteosat-7 & 9 August 2009 – RTTOV-9 implementation, monthly MODIS emissivity maps, improved cloud detection over ocean FY-2C August 2009 – overall AMV algorithm improvement MODIS Impact of direct-broadcast data on early delivery suite AVHRR NESDIS data available since December 2008 (to be compared to CIMSS) Test datasets received from EUMETSAT, also with IASI height assignment Assimilation of AMVs (I. Genkova) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  29. Geostationary radiance data assimilation • GOES-11 & 12, MTSAT: no changes • Meteosat-7/9: RTTOV-9 • Preparations for GOES-13 monitoring • Research experiments on tracer effect, i.e. impact of radiance observations on wind analysis: WIND SPEED: Base + CSRs + AMVs + PORs in MET-9 disk 200 hPa 300 hPa 500 hPa 850 hPa NH Tropics SH NH Tropics SH NH Tropics SH NH Tropics SH (C. Peubey) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  30. Cloud and precipitation assimilation at ECMWF 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 ARM cloud radar 1D-Var NEXRAD network 1D+4D-Var Ground-based radar retrievals Satellite retrievals Satellite microwave radiances Satellite infrared radiances Other satellite products OPERA network 1D+4D-Var TMI 1D+4D-Var TMI+SSM/I 1D+4D-Var PR 1D+4D-Var Cloudsat 1D+4D-Var 28.6.2005 SSM/I 1D+4D-Var SSM/I+TMI+AMSR-E 1D+4D-Var 10.3.2009 SSM/I+AMSR-E 4D-Var AMSU-A/HIRS 1D-Var SEVIRI 4D-Var 10.3.2009 HIRS/AIRS/IASI 4D-Var* HIRS/AIRS/IASI 4D-Var MODIS 4D-Var (*4D-Var sink variable) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  31. MHS Obs-Model mean and standard deviation 37 GHz (v) Obs - FG All-sky CTRL ‘All-sky’ approach Clear-clear Cloud-cloud Obs Clear-FG cloud Obs Cloud-FG clear (A. Geer) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  32. Windsat vs SSM/I & AMSR-E low obs. count per cycle due to BUFR encoding bug (W. Bell) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  33. SSMIS vs SSM/I • Based on clear-sky processing 20-30th August 2009. • F16 & F17 SSMIS data of similar quality in SSMI-like window channels. • Data quality looks comparable to F13. • Short clear-sky experiments (20th Aug – 3rd Sept 2009) complete. • All-sky processing in place (based on 35R2, need to update !) & assimilation experiment underway. (W. Bell) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  34. Satellite observing system Model/data updates & plans Satellite observations in operational NWP Satellite observations in reanalysis Satellite observations in atmospheric chemistry Future NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  35. Reanalysis: past, present and future (D. Dee) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  36. Reanalysis as inter-calibration tool Global mean bias corrections produced in ERA-Interim (MSU Channel 2): Recorded warm-target temperatures, NOAA-14: (Grody et al. 2004) • Variations in warm target • are due to orbital drift • VarBC is able to correct • the resulting calibration • errors (D. Dee) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  37. Reanalysis requirements • Consistency of GSICS (colocation based) and ERA • Reprocessing / intercalibration of IR sounder data: VTPR – HIRS – AIRS – IASI • Reprocessing / intercalibration of MW imagers (SMMR – SSM/I – SSMIS + exp.) • Coordination between EUMETSAT GSCIS and US • Reprocessing of AVHRR AMVs • Reprocessing of geostationary satellite AMVs (ATS (1972) onwards) • Reprocessing of geostationary satellite CSRs (US and Japanese) • Russian satellite data? • Data availability • ERA-Clim aims for free access to all data that has been used in the reanalysis, i.e. data policy of providers with respect to reanalysis is important. NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  38. Satellite observing system Model/data updates & plans Satellite observations in operational NWP Satellite observations in reanalysis Satellite observations in atmospheric chemistry Future NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  39. GEMS/MACC NRT analysis data usage MACC GEMS (R. Engelen) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  40. Satellite observing system Model/data updates & plans Satellite observations in operational NWP Satellite observations in reanalysis Satellite observations in atmospheric chemistry Future NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  41. Planned updates 2010 • Model: • Increase in horizontal (vertical) resolution • Prognostic precipitation • Revision of shallow convection/vertical diffusion • New vegetation parameterization, lakes • Data assimilation: • Ensemble data assimilation system • Generalized weak-constraint 4D-Var • Satellite Data: • Reactivation of TRMM TMI and DMSP SSMIS in all-sky assimilation • Monitoring/assimilation of ASRs from geostatinoary satellites • Assimilation of GOME-2 • Monitoring/assimilation of DMSP F-18 SSMIS (and F-16 and 17) • Monitoring/assimilation of Coriolis Windsat • Monitoring of FY-3A sounders/imagers • Monitoring of (verification with) MLS products • Assimilation of ASCAT soil moisture, SMOS radiances • Monitoring of Oceansat-2 scatterometer, ROSA • Monitoring of Megha-Tropiques MADRAS, SAPHIR, ROSA • Preparation for NPP ATMS, OMPS, CrIS NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

  42. New data availabilities • 2010: • Oceansat-2 (Scatterometer: surface wind vector) • DMSP F-18 SSMIS (MW T:, q-sounding, clouds and precipitation) • SMOS (MW: soil moisture) • Megha Tropiques MADRAS/SAPHIR (MW: q-sounding, clouds and precipitation) • FY-3A IRAS/MWTS/MWHS/MWRI (IR/MW: T, q-sounding, clouds and precipitation) • GOSAT FTS (Advanced IR: T, q, trace gas sounding) • 2011: • NPP (Advanced IR: T, q-sounding) • ADM (Doppler-lidar: Atmospheric wind vector) • 2012 and beyond: • More advanced IR sounders in polar (Metop, NPOESS) and geostationary orbits (MTG, GOES) for general sounding • More active instruments (wind, clouds, precipitation) NAEDEX Meeting 12/2009 PB ⒸECMWF

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