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Constructivism

Constructivism. By Steve Gibbs. As compared to other theories. Learning. Student. Teacher. Teacher. Student. OTHER Teachers have a sphere of knowledge that they want to insert into the minds of their students. CONSTRUCTIVISTS

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Constructivism

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  1. Constructivism By Steve Gibbs

  2. As compared to other theories Learning Student Teacher Teacher Student OTHER Teachers have a sphere of knowledge that they want to insert into the minds of their students CONSTRUCTIVISTS The sphere is created inside the mind of the student by creating a learning environment

  3. Definition • Constructivism is a philosophy of learning founded on the premise that, by reflecting on our experiences, we color and construct our own understanding of the world we live in

  4. Definition • Each of us generates "rules" to make sense of our experiences • Learning is adjusting our rules to accommodate new experiences • Students can learn different meanings from the same lesson

  5. Definition • No knowledge can be transferred intact from one individual to another

  6. Definition • Information received is reshaped inside the learner’s mind to fitwithin his or her frame of reference

  7. Key player Key Player

  8. Jerome S Bruner “I shall take it as self-evident that each generation must define afresh the nature, direction, and aims of education to assure such freedom and rationality as can be attainted for a future generation… © www.cocc.edu 2004

  9. Jerome S Bruner …It is in this sense that education is in constant process of invention.” --Jerome S. BrunerToward a Theory of Instruction, 1966 © www.cocc.edu 2004

  10. Key issues Key Issues

  11. How does learning occur? • The learner creates meaning from experience. The mind filters input from the external world to create its own singular version of reality • Teachers must start from where the students are to align learning with existing states of mind

  12. Which factors influence learning? • Learning is a search for meaning • Learning must start with the issues around which students are actively trying to construct meaning • Meaning requires understanding wholes as well as parts

  13. What is the role of memory? • Constructivists view memory as the repository not for intact knowledge, but for flexible threads of information that can be reorganized in an unending variety of ways

  14. How does transfer occur? • Transfer can occur by involving learners in authentic tasks anchored within a meaningful context

  15. What types of learning are best explained by this theory? • Not best for introductory knowledge • Not best for rote memorization of rules and facts

  16. What types of learning are best explained by this theory? • However, for advanced knowledge acquisition, this learning theory works quite well • There are no preconceived limitations. The student is free to create their own construct

  17. What basic assumptions/principles are relevant to instructional design? • Educators focus on making connections between facts and fostering new understanding in students

  18. How to structure instruction? • Tailor strategies to student responses • Encourage analysis, interpretation, prediction • Use open-ended questions and discussion • Connect past experiences with new learning • Use project-based learning • Use problem-based learning

  19. How to evaluate? • Learners to construct their own meaning, no memorized "right" answers; no regurgitation • Formative assessment ensures students are learning during the process • Use holistic evaluation

  20. How to evaluate? • Constructivism calls for the elimination of grades and standardized testing

  21. end

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