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Homeostatic Regulation of Blood Calcium and Blood Glucose

Homeostatic Regulation of Blood Calcium and Blood Glucose. Part 1 . Regulation of Blood Glucose (“Sugar”). Slide 2. SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations. HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED. Rising blood glucose levels. HOMEOSTASIS. Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl).

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Homeostatic Regulation of Blood Calcium and Blood Glucose

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  1. Homeostatic Regulation of Blood Calcium and Blood Glucose

  2. Part 1. Regulation of Blood Glucose (“Sugar”)

  3. Slide 2 SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Rising blood glucose levels HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl)

  4. Slide 3 PANCREAS Beta cells secrete insulin SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Rising blood glucose levels HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl)

  5. Slide 4 Increased rate of glucose transport into target cells PANCREAS Beta cells secrete insulin SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Rising blood glucose levels HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl)

  6. Slide 6 Increased rate of glucose transport into target cell PANCREAS Increased conversion of glucose to glycogen (liver, skeletal muscle) Beta cells secrete insulin SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Rising blood glucose levels HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl)

  7. Slide 7 Increased rate of glucose transport into target cell PANCREAS Increased conversion of glucose to glycogen (liver, skeletal muscle) Beta cells secrete insulin SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Rising blood glucose levels HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl)

  8. Slide 9 Increased rate of glucose transport into target cell PANCREAS Blood glucose concentration declines Increased conversion of glucose to glycogen (liver, skeletal muscle) Beta cells secrete insulin SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED HOMEOSTASIS RESTORED Rising blood glucose levels HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl)

  9. Slide 10 HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Declining blood glucose levels SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations

  10. Slide 11 HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Declining blood glucose levels SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations PANCREAS Alpha cells secrete glucagon

  11. Slide 12 HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Declining blood glucose levels SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Increased breakdown of glycogen to glucose (liver, skeletal muscle) PANCREAS Alpha cells secrete glucagon

  12. Slide 14 HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Declining blood glucose levels SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Increased breakdown of glycogen to glucose (liver, skeletal muscle) PANCREAS Alpha cells secrete glucagon Blood glucose concentration rises Increased synthesis and release of glucose (liver)

  13. Slide 15 HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED HOMEOSTASIS RESTORED Declining blood glucose levels SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Increased breakdown of glycogen to glucose (liver, skeletal muscle) PANCREAS Alpha cells secrete glucagon Blood glucose concentration rises Increased synthesis and release of glucose (liver)

  14. Slide 16 Increased rate of glucose transport into target cell PANCREAS Increased conversion of glucose to glycogen (liver, skeletal muscle) Blood glucose concentration declines Beta cells secrete insulin SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Rising blood glucose levels HOMEOSTASIS RESTORED HOMEOSTASIS Normal glucose levels (70-110 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED HOMEOSTASIS RESTORED Declining blood glucose levels Increased breakdown of glycogen to glucose (liver, skeletal muscle) PANCREAS Alpha cells secrete glucagon Blood glucose concentration rises Increased synthesis and release of glucose (liver)

  15. Part 2. Regulation of Blood Calcium (Ca 2+)

  16. Slide 2 SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Rising calcium levels in blood HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl)

  17. Slide 3 Thyroid gland produces Calcitonin, a hormone SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Rising calcium levels in blood HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl)

  18. Slide 4 Increased excretion of calcium in kidneys Thyroid gland produces calcitonin SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Rising calcium levels in blood HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl)

  19. Slide 5 Increased excretion of calcium in kidneys Thyroid gland produces calcitonin Blood calcium levels drop SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Calcium deposition in bone HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED Rising calcium levels in blood HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl)

  20. Slide 6 Increased excretion of calcium in kidneys Thyroid gland produces calcitonin Blood calcium levels drop SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Calcium deposition in bone HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED HOMEOSTASIS RESTORED Rising calcium levels in blood HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl)

  21. Slide 7 HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Falling calcium levels in blood

  22. Slide 8 HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Falling calcium levels in blood Parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH)

  23. Slide 9 HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Falling calcium levels in blood Release of stored calcium from bone Parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH)

  24. Slide 10 HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Falling calcium levels in blood Release of stored calcium from bone Parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) Increased Re-absorption of calcium in kidneys

  25. Slide 11 HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Falling calcium levels in blood Release of stored calcium from bone Parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) Increased Re-absorption of calcium in kidneys Blood calcium levels increase Increased Ca2+ absorption by digestive tract

  26. Slide 12 HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED HOMEOSTASIS RESTORED SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Falling calcium levels in blood Release of stored calcium from bone Parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) Increased reabsorption of calcium in kidneys Blood calcium levels increase Increased Ca2+ absorption by digestive tract

  27. Slide 1 Increased excretion of calcium in kidneys Thyroid gland produces calcitonin Blood calcium levels decline Calcium deposition in bone (inhibition of osteoclasts) Uncertain significance in a healthy nonpregnant adult SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED HOMEOSTASIS RESTORED Rising calcium levels in blood HOMEOSTASIS Normal calcium levels (8.5-11 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASIS DISTURBED HOMEOSTASIS RESTORED Falling calcium levels in blood Release of stored calcium from bone (stimulation of osteoclasts, inhibition of osteoblasts) Parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) Blood calcium levels increase Enhanced reabsorption of calcium in kidneys Stimulation of calcitriol production at kidneys; enhanced Ca2+, PO43- absorption by digestive tract

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