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Lecture 11: Galaxies and Their Nuclei

Lecture 11: Galaxies and Their Nuclei. The Hubble Deep Field. Eye on a Dime. The Hubble Ultradeep Field. Brief Review of Galaxy Structure. Disks Prominent feature in spiral galaxies (like Milky Way) Stars in nearly circular orbits Analogies: Solar System, accretion disk Bulges

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Lecture 11: Galaxies and Their Nuclei

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  1. Lecture 11:Galaxies and Their Nuclei

  2. The Hubble Deep Field

  3. Eye on a Dime

  4. The Hubble Ultradeep Field

  5. Brief Review of Galaxy Structure • Disks • Prominent feature in spiral galaxies (like Milky Way) • Stars in nearly circular orbits • Analogies: Solar System, accretion disk • Bulges • Coexist with disks in spirals (central bulge, halo) • Elliptical galaxies: whole galaxy is bulge • Stars in random orbits

  6. Galaxy Disks Artist’s Impression of Our Galaxy’s Disk Disk of the Galaxy NGC 1672

  7. Galaxy Bulges Sombrero Galaxy – Note the Large Bulge

  8. Galaxy Classification

  9. Main Contents of Galaxies • Dark Matter(~80% of halo, smaller proportion of disk) • Stars • Large galaxy has 100 billion stars (range 107-1012 stars) • “Collisionless”, interact by gravitational forces • Gas • > 10% of star mass • “Dissipative”, tends to form clouds, sink to center • Can fall in from outside or escape in wind • Dust • About 1% of gas mass, follows gas motion • Obscuration

  10. The Milky Way in Optical Light

  11. The Milky Way in Infrared Light

  12. The Galactic Center in the Near Infrared

  13. Relative Stellar Densities

  14. Routes to a Supermassive Black Hole

  15. Infrared Image of Galactic Center

  16. The Radio Source Sgr A*

  17. The Radio Source Sgr A* The red dot at the center is Sgr A*

  18. Stellar Motions Near Sgr A*

  19. Chandra X-ray Image of Galactic Center

  20. Chandra X-ray Image of Sgr A*

  21. X-ray Flare from Sgr A*

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