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Enlightened Despots

Enlightened Despots. Were they really enlightened?. Enlightened Despots . A king or queen that rules absolutely but does incorporate one or several enlightened ideas into his/her government Philosophes that advocated a monarchy were more accepted by European rulers

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Enlightened Despots

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  1. Enlightened Despots Were they really enlightened?

  2. Enlightened Despots • A king or queen that rules absolutely but does incorporate one or several enlightened ideas into his/her government • Philosophes that advocated a monarchy were more accepted by European rulers • Enlightened Rulers began to: • Increase religious tolerance • Make legal and economic reforms • Justify rule by usefulness to people Goal was to reform society from the TOP down.

  3. Catherine the Great of Russia1762-1796 • German by birth • Married Peter III who “mysteriously” dies in prison in 1762. • Corresponds with Voltaire • Her reign placed tremendous power in the nobility of Russia • She expanded Russia’s borders into Central Europe and to the Black Sea • Promoted westernization and modernization in Russia

  4. Frederick the Great of Prussia1740-1786 • Primarily interested in fine arts as a youth raised by a militant father • Was forced to watch a childhood friend be executed to “toughen him up” • Intimate friendship with Voltaire • Won major wars winning military acclaim for Prussia and himself

  5. Joseph II of Austria1780-1790 • Hapsburg • Son of Maria-Theresa • Elder brother of Marie Antoinette • Skeptic of religion • Sought to weld the differing nationalities of Austrian German, Italian, Slav, Hungarian, and Belgians into one compact nation • Tended to work in haste and therefore not always effective

  6. Enlightened Despots Were they really?...

  7. Baroque v. Classical

  8. Baroque • Ornate, bold style complimenting the formal, grand style of Absolutism

  9. Baroque Art

  10. Baroque Furniture

  11. Baroque Clothing

  12. Neo-classical • Simple, elegant style borrowing themes from the classical periods.

  13. Classical Art

  14. Classical Clothing

  15. Classical Furniture

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