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SOCIAL PROJECT

SUBMITED BY:. R N A. - - -. RIZWAN NITHISH AZHAGAPPAN. SOCIAL PROJECT. -. R. RAKESH. NOVELS.

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SOCIAL PROJECT

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  1. SUBMITED BY: R N A - - - RIZWAN NITHISH AZHAGAPPAN SOCIAL PROJECT - R RAKESH

  2. NOVELS

  3. Malayalam is a language of the Dravidian family. It is very close to Tamil, one of the major languages of the same family. This was due to the extensive cultural synthesis that took place between the speakers of the two languages. Tamil, in Kerala, was for long, the language of administration. This has resulted in Tamil being used in literature too. It is spoken by about 40million people.

  4. In addition, Malayalam was influenced by Sanskrit also. Malayalam absorbed a lot from Sanskrit, not only in the lexical level, but also in the phonemic, morphemic and grammatical levels of language. Looking back, we see that early Malayalam literature consists of three streams namely, (1) Folk Literature (2) Early Tamil Literature (3) Manipravalam Literature

  5. It was in the ninth century that Koodiyaattam a dramatic form, emerged. The actors belonged to the Chakkiar community. • They enacted the plays of well known Sanskrit poets like Bhasa, and Harsha, with great variation in the original style. • The Chakiarkoothu another form of entertainment, had something in common with Koodiyattam. Koothu was the recital of puranic legends by the Chakkiar. It was in Sanskrit. • Pathakam, a similar form, had Malayalam as its language. In both Pathakam and ChakiarKoothu, the narrator had freedom to ridicule even the king.

  6. The evolution of prose was comparatively later than that of poetry. Its evolution also is of the same pattern as that of poetry. • As the spoken language form blended with the classical form, and gave rise to a new hybrid form of poetry, the prose too developed after such hybridization. • The imperial and royal decrees on stone, copper plate, etc. from the 9th century to the 13th century reveal the infiltration of the spoken language into Tamil. THE BEGINNING OF PROSE

  7. The BrahmaandaPuraanam belonging to the 14th century was meant for the common man. Hence it did not contain too much of Sanskrit. • During the same time there appeared prose works dealing with the story of King Ambarisha, the story of Nala and a Devi Mahatmyam. • In the early 15th century there was a prose Raamayana, which was a heavily Sanskritized work. In contrast there was a Bhaagavatha during the same time which had very simple style. The UttaraRaamayana of the 16th century is another prose rendering of the story of Rama.

  8. The present generation has got a number of gifted people like Sarah Joseph. Her works are essentially liberalistic, and have always been powerful enough to convey the pathetic of any suppressed group. Her novel Alaahayutepenmakkal (Daughters of Alaaha) reveals wonderfully the protagonist Annie's world of fantasy. Sarah Joseph has written many other short stories too. Anand is an author who writes novels and short stories, depicting the ultimate pain of life.

  9. ThakazhiSivasankaraPillai Vaikommohammedbasheer

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