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Infection Prevention & Control

Infection Prevention & Control. Education & Training. Modern Approach Strategic Management. Tradition & Ritual. The Prevention of Transmission of Blood-Borne Diseases in the Health-Care Setting.

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Infection Prevention & Control

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  1. Infection Prevention & Control Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  2. Education & Training Modern Approach Strategic Management Tradition & Ritual Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  3. The Prevention of Transmission of Blood-Borne Diseases in the Health-Care Setting “The most effective way of preventing transmission of blood borne pathogens in the health-care setting is to make the working environment as safe as possible” • Good infection prevention & control practices • Implementation of standard precautions • Provision of effective risk management policies Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  4. Infection prevention & control practices Health care workers require knowledge on • Source of micro-organisms • Susceptibility of the Host • Transmission methods of micro-organisms Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  5. Source • Patients- acute disease, incubation period, colonised but asymptomatic or chronic carriers. • Endogenous flora • Health care personnel • Environment, • Equipment, medications. • Visitors Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  6. Host Factors effecting : • age • underlying disease • medications e.g. antibiotics, steroids • irradiation • skin integrity • indwelling devices Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  7. Transmission • Contact • Droplet • Airborne • Common vehicle transmission • Vectorborne Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  8. Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of blood-borne and other pathogens from recognised and unrecognised sources Apply to all patients receiving care, regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infection status Apply to; blood all body fluids ( except sweat) non-intact skin mucous membranes Implementation of standard precautions Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  9. Guidelines; Hand hygiene Promote hand hygiene as a key component of infection prevention & control in the hospital & community setting Addresses the resources issues Facilities location & design Products available Education, promotion of hand hygiene and audit of practice Implementation of standard precautions Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  10. Implementation of standard precautions Personal protective equipment • Appropriate use of gloves • Cover cuts and abrasions • Use of visor or goggles/safety spectacles • Waterproof/repellent masks • Plastic aprons/gowns • Appropriate footwear Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  11. Implementation of standard precautions • Use safety devices “an increased emphasis on precautionary measures to protect the health and safety of health-care workers….these measures should be taken with all patients in all health-care facilities at all times by all staff in both the public and private healthcare sectors” M. Harney, Tánaiste & Minister for Health & Children Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  12. Implementation of standard precautions Safety devices & technology; Phlebotomy Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  13. Implementation of standard precautions Safety devices & technology; Cannulation Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  14. Implementation of standard precautions Safety devices & technology; Subcutaneous infusions Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  15. Implementation of standard precautions • Single use items disposed after use 2 • Safe use of sharps disposal units • Prevention of surface contamination by blood and body fluids • Appropriate decontamination of spillages • Routine and terminal cleaning equipment & environment • Patient linen storage and laundry segregation • Patient placement and transportation Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  16. Effective risk management policies Risk management focuses on • Active compliance of the healthcare worker with Infection Prevention & Control measures • Analysis of the working environment, conditions and practices that may contribute to the risk of transmission of BBV Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  17. Effective risk management policies Efforts to prevent inoculation injury are focused on three main areas • Altered behavior & improved safety culture through ongoing education/training • Utilisation of engineering controls • Disease prevention through uptake of available vaccination and medical prophylaxis Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  18. Professional issues • “Health care should be delivered with compassion and dignity in compliance with best practice in relation to safety and standards of care” • Acceptance of responsibility and understanding of accountability for own practice • Knowledge updated by on-going education • Documentation • Evaluation of own practice through audit process. Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  19. Reason’s model on accident causation • Active errors : those having an immediate effect • Latent errors : conditions that lie dormant until activated by active errors. Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  20. Reason’s model on accident causation Organisational Local management Safeguards Unsafe acts Siobhan Prout, BSAP

  21. Reason’s Model on Accident Causation Danger Organisational problems Local Management Unsafe Acts Safeguards Injury Siobhan Prout, BSAP

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