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MITOSIS – the cell cycle. INTERPHASE (ANIMAL CELL). Animal cell interphase. The DNA has been replicated. Also, notice the increased cell size as the cytoplasm has been enlarged. . PROPHASE. Animal cell in prophase. Notice that the DNA has been condensed into chromosomes. . METAPHASE.
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INTERPHASE (ANIMAL CELL) • Animal cell interphase. The DNA has been replicated. Also, notice the increased cell size as the cytoplasm has been enlarged.
PROPHASE • Animal cell in prophase. Notice that the DNA has been condensed into chromosomes.
METAPHASE • Animal cell metaphase. Notice the chromosomes are lined up along the equator of the cell. Two poles representing each daughter cell are also formed by the spindle fibers.
ANAPHASE • Animal cell anaphase. Notice the spindle fibers begin to pull the two sets of chromosome toward the opposite poles.
TELOPHASE • Animal cell telophase. Notice the two poles begin to condense to form two nuclei. The cells begin to build the cell membrane in between.
INTERPHASE • Interphase: • G1 – cell grows and develops, chromosomes are uncoiled and invisible • S – chromosomes replicate and divide • G2 – chromosomes shorten and coil
PROPHASE • Prophase: • chromosome condensation • nuclear membrane disintegrates. • The duplicated chromosome subunits (each one called chromotid) join together at the centromeres. • At late prophase, the microtubular spindle begin to radiate from the centromeres.
METAPHASE • Metaphase: • The chromosomes move to the equator of the cell and align to the equatorial plane.
ANAPHASE • Anaphase: • Two sister chromotids separate into 2 independent chromosomes as the centromere divides. • Shortening of the microtubular spindle fibers pulls the chromosomes in opposite directions toward the poles. • At the end of the anaphase, the chromosomes lie in 2 groups near opposite poles of the spindle. • Cytokinesis starts at the middle of the equatorial plane.
TELOPHASE • During telophase: • nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, • chromosomes uncoil and become less distinct and nucleoli are also formed • new cell plate expands between cells.
