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Government Terms

Government Terms. Autocracy: One Person. Citizens have little control over the government Power is in the hands of one person Government Forms: Dictatorship Examples: Germany’s Hitler, U.S.S.R.’s Stalin, Czar Nicholas II in Russia

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Government Terms

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  1. Government Terms

  2. Autocracy: One Person • Citizens have little control over the government • Power is in the hands of one person Government Forms: • Dictatorship Examples: Germany’s Hitler, U.S.S.R.’s Stalin, Czar Nicholas II in Russia • Absolute Monarchy – one king in power with complete control Examples: France’s King Louis XVI, Spain’s King Ferdinand

  3. Autocracies of the World

  4. Oligarchy: A Small Group • Only a few people in a small group of royalty, wealth, family, or military influence make political decisions for the country’s people. Government Forms: Communism – a small group controls all the economic resources and government Examples: former Soviet Union, Cuba, China

  5. Democracy: The Citizens • The citizens have a say in their government by voting in elections. • Most democracies today are republics, where the people elect leaders to represent them in the government. • Most countries in the world are democracies.

  6. Democratic Governments • There are two predominate forms of democratic governments • Parliamentary • Presidential • Both are designed to represent and protect the rights of the people

  7. Presidential Democracy • Citizens usually vote for members of the executive AND legislative branch • Citizens directly vote for the leader • A single person is elected as the leader • The president is both head of government (chief executive) and head of state Examples: U.S.A., Russia, Mexico

  8. Parliamentary Democracy • Citizens vote for members of the legislative branch, and then the legislature chooses the leader • Head of government and head of state are TWO different people Examples: United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, Australia

  9. Executive Executive Legislature Select Elect Elect Legislature Elect Citizens Citizens

  10. Why Do We Have Governments? • All countries require governments to function. • Governments provide laws, structure, public services, and national defense. • There are different types of governments: • democracies • republics • monarchies • dictatorships

  11. How Is Power Shared? • Federal • Confederation • Unitary

  12. Federal Government • Federal– Power is shared by a powerful central government and the state or local governments. • States or provinces are given considerable self rule, usually through their own legislatures. Examples: • United States • Russian Federation • Germany

  13. Federal Governments of the World(All countries in green)

  14. Unitary Government Unitary – a system in which the power is held by one central authority All power is given to the one branch of government. Examples: • France • United Kingdom (U.K.) • Sweden • Spain • Former Soviet Union

  15. Unitary Governments of the World(All countries in blue)

  16. Confederation • Confederation - a system in which power is shared by an alliance or union of political organizations • Independent states voluntarily work together for some common purpose and agree to certain limits on their freedom of action as a confederation. • Examples: • European Union • Switzerland

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