SPI – “ The Membrane Technology Consultants”

1. The Maritime Alliance August 23, 2012 James C. Vickers, P.E. Vice President Separation Processes, Inc. 3156 Lionshead Ave. Suite 2 Carlsbad, CA 92010 T: 760-400-3660 www.spi-engineering.com jvickers@spi-engineering.com SPI – “The Membrane Technology Consultants”

2. AGENDA • Water Supply Perspective • RO Technology • Membranes • Systems • SPI Capabilities

3. Importance of Water in United States • Agriculture • Municipal • Industrial

4. Importance of Water in United States • Agriculture • Municipal • Industrial

5. California Water Challenges • Surface Water • Snowmelt • Transportation • Environmental

6. California Water Challenges • Groundwater • Quality Degradation • Nitrates (Agriculture and CAFO) • Seawater Intrusion • Overdrafting

7. Meeting Water Supply Challenges with Technology • Water Recycling (Developed) • Irrigation (Title 22) • Indirect Potable Reuse (Recharge) • Orange Co. GWRS (Water Factory 21) • West Basin Municipal Water District • Seawater (Development) • Carlsbad • Los Angeles • Orange County • Monterey

8. Reverse Osmosis

9. Reverse Osmosis History First Spiral Wound Reverse Osmosis ModuleGeneral Atomic (San Diego, CA) circa 1964 Photo courtesy of Fluid Systems Corporation • 1950’s - 60’s: Seawater Desalination Effort • Lead by UCLA • Development of Loeb-Sourirajan Membrane • RO Membrane Development • 1964: Cellulose Acetate Membrane • 1967: Spiral Wound Configuration • 1976: Polyamide “Thin Film Composite” Membrane • Commercialization of RO Systems • Late- 1970’s - 1980’s • Split of RO Systems from Element Manufacturing • Softening (NF) Membranes • 1990’s • Lower Energy Membranes • Higher Rejection Membranes • MF/UF Commercialization • 2000’s • Integration of RO Membranes with MF/UF Systems

10. Major RO Manufacturers

11. Introduction to SPI • Founded in 1980 • Internationally Recognized Consulting Engineering Firm • Focused on Application of Membrane Technologies • Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment • Independent 3rd Party – Do not represent any Manufacturers • Detail Designers of NF/RO Systems for Municipal needs

12. SPI – “The Membrane Technology Consultants” • Locations: Carlsbad, CA, Tempe, AZ, Berkeley, CA • Disciplines – Chemical, Civil, Mechanical Engineering • PMOS Staff dedicated to Membrane Support Services • Laboratory for Membrane Forensics • Providing more than 30 years of real-world Engineering and Operations experience

13. SPI National and International Experience Hawaii – 3 Projects Australia – 10 Projects Canada – 5 Projects

14. Advancements in Membrane Treatment Technology • Membrane Element Evaluations • Membrane System Design • Integrated Membrane Systems • Water and Wastewater Applications

15. Advancements in RO Systems City of Scottsdale18 inch RO Train Large diameter RO – 16 inch and 18 inch membrane elements 18 inch Manufacturers: Koch 16 inch Manufacturers: Toray, Dow, Hydranautics, CSM Space savings Install savings

16. Process Monitoring and Optimization Services

17. Real World Operational Experience Thirty (30) Distinct Membrane Facilities Monitored Support Services Totaling >500 mgd Capacity

18. Optimization – Energy Costs Versus Operating Costs RO Groundwater Desalter Net Revenue, $/year CIP Interval, days

19. Thank You! Questions?