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Progressivism 1890-1920

Progressivism 1890-1920. Chapter 21. Progressive Reformers. Progressive beliefs / conservative direction - the array of disgust/ need for change Progressive reformers - muckraker- reporters - “robber barons” & “ghettos” Increase in newspaper and magazine circulation.

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Progressivism 1890-1920

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  1. Progressivism1890-1920 Chapter 21

  2. Progressive Reformers • Progressive beliefs / conservative direction - the array of disgust/ need for change • Progressive reformers - muckraker- reporters - “robber barons” & “ghettos” • Increase in newspaper and magazine circulation

  3. Rise of Progressivism • Large middle-class movement - pressured government - cut down on corruption - deal with “trusts” (power in the hands of the few) - movement centered around exposed abuses & inequality

  4. Progressive change • Settlement houses - Jane Addams (1889) - care for poor & immigrants - more than 400 models established • Prohibition of alcohol - many pubs shut down

  5. Political Reform in state gov’t • Corrupt party bosses (A-3) • *(trusts-money-boss-senator-legislation)

  6. Restoring Sovereignty to the People • 17th amendment (1913)- election of senators (A-8) • “recall” – check on public officials • helped ensure honest politicians & strengthened power of voters

  7. Voting laws • voting- a precious benefit • open vs. “secret” ballot (1890s) • register to vote laws (1890s) - excluded corrupt - also excluded hardworking people • disenfranchisement - difficult becoming a US citizen - southern “Jim Crow” laws - voting inequality - decline in voting (p 545)

  8. Women Suffrage • 1890- NAWSA- Nat’l American Woman Suffrage Assoc. - led by Susan B. Anthony/ Eliz Stanton • Wyoming in 1890- women right to vote • Women’s vote would cleanse democracy • National movement • protest of white house (Alice Paul) - arrest / hunger strikes • 19th amendment / 1920

  9. African American Progressivism • policies of Booker T. Washington • W.E.B. Du Bois • Niagara Falls Movement (1905) - right to vote / abolition of segregation • rise of the NAACP (1910) - beginning of modern civil rights movement - thousands join NAACP by 1914

  10. Presidential Agenda • McKinley / Roosevelt ticket in 1900 • What happened to McKinley in Sept 1901? • Roosevelt becomes youngest chief executive in US history

  11. Teddy Roosevelt • outdoorsman / combat veteran • breaking up “trusts” - dissolved Northern Securities Com • regulation of Industries / expansion of powers - fix the ICC act of 1887 - pure food & drug act - meat Inspection Act (1906)/ The Jungle - preservation of nat’l parks

  12. The Taft Presidency • Teddy’s decision not to seek reelection in 1908 • Roosevelt endorsed his secretary of war • William H. Taft • How did Taft view politics? • promoted “dollar diplomacy” (p 581) - substitute “bullets for dollars” • Roosevelt displeased w/ Taft (1910) • Roosevelt campaigned against Taft • Bull-Moose Party split Republican party

  13. Rise of Woodrow Wilson • Well educated / President of Princeton • Governor of New Jersey (1910) • Election of 1912 - republican party split - Taft barely campaigned - democrats best chance in 20 years

  14. Presidential election, 1912

  15. Federal Reserve Act • Federal Reserve Act (1913) • established 12 regional banks, which make loans to member banks • established Federal Reserve Board • strengthened nations financial market

  16. The twelve federal reserve districts

  17. Wilson Administration • 1st federal workmen’s compensation bill • 1st federal law outlawing child labor • 1st federal law guaranteeing 8-hr work day • Wilson cared as much about the powerless as powerful • strengthened image of democratic party • won reelection in 1916

  18. Conclusion • Progressives accomplishments: enfranchised women, reform local & nat’l gov’t • enlarged executive branch (p 558) • emergence of new nat’l gov’t - power directed toward Washington

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