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By Paul V. Dudman Archivist University of East London

By Paul V. Dudman Archivist University of East London. Democratic Access or Privileged Exclusion: Preserving (and Listening!) to the Voice(s) of the Refugee, within the Archival Record of the Nation-State. Scope of the Paper.

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By Paul V. Dudman Archivist University of East London

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  1. By Paul V. Dudman Archivist University of East London Democratic Access or Privileged Exclusion: Preserving (and Listening!) to the Voice(s) of the Refugee, within the Archival Record of the Nation-State.

  2. Scope of the Paper • To investigate the role of Archives in preserving the history of the nation-state and to consider the notion that the voices of refugees are often marginalised or left un-heard with the Archive, or even deliberately overlooked in favour of the dominant narratives of the nation. • This paper will also briefly consider the approaches being undertaken to collect and preserve the history of the refugee experience. #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  3. Importance of Refugee Archives • Why collect Refugee Archives? • The collection of records relating to refugees is important as refugees are an under-documented and under-represented group in archival collections. • “Why have historians ignored most refugee movements and `silenced’ those involved? Can refugees be re-installed on the historical record.” (Marfleet, 2007, p. 136). • Refugee Archive collections are important for expanding our perceptions of history, culture and memory. #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  4. Archives and the Nation State 1 • Archives and the Nation State: • The history of migration to and from the British Isles is as old as the islands themselves. However, the common understanding of this history as passed down by the education system as well as by museums, archives and heritage sites, has often glossed over or ignored this crucial aspect of our island story. (Stevens, 2009, p. 5) #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  5. Archives and the Nation State 2a • Approaches to Archiving Refugee Voices • Failure of History to Engage with Refugee Communities • Contribution of Archives to memory and identity formation #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  6. Archives and the Nation State 2b • Archives – as records – wield power over the shape and direction of historical scholarship, collective memory, and national identity, over how we know ourselves as individuals, groups, and societies. And ultimately, in the pursuit of their professional responsibilities, archivists – as keepers of archives – wield power over those very records central to memory and identity formation through active management of records before they come to archives, their appraisal and selection as archives, and afterwards their constantly evolving description, preservation, and use.(Schwartz & Cook, 2002, p. 2). #SAA12 Session Number: 509

  7. Case Study: The Refugee Council and Refugee Archive • History of the Refugee Council • Founded in 1951 as the British Council for Aid to Refugees (BCAR) and the Standing Conference on Refugees, (SCOR). • Merged in 1981 to create the British Refugee Council. • Largest charity in the UK dealing specifically with refugees and asylum seekers. • Link: http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/ • Failed to keep the refugee archive! #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  8. Case Study: The Refugee Council Archive at UEL • Reflections on the History of the Refugee Council come to be located at the University of East London #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  9. The Refugee Council Archive at UEL • What does the Refugee Council Archive at UEL offer? • Archive of the Refugee Council as an Organisation - including correspondence, minutes of meetings, and related materials. • Thematic special collection of published books and journals, reports and grey literature incorporating working papers, conference papers, leaflets, newsletters, case studies, field reports, statistical data, press cuttings, and audio-visual. Updated as best we can. • Can we listen to the `Refugee Voices’ within this Archive? #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  10. Barriers / Threats to Refugee Archives • Potential Barriers and Threats to the continued preservation and collection of Refugee Archives: • Archives in an Age of Austerity: • Limited Staffing • Inconvenient Opening Hours • Funding Issues • Ongoing Archival Backlogs and New Deposits • Lack of an Outreach Policy and Difficulties of Marketing a Collection with Limited “display-friendly” materials • Digitisation and the Question of Maintaining Digital Collections? • The Refugee’s Own Perceptions #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  11. A Question of Outreach – Engagement with Refugees • A reflection on the 76th Society of American Archivists Conference in San Diego. • Contributed to a Panel on refugee archives entitled, “Beyond Resettlement: Overcoming Hurdles to Document the Experiences and Contributions of Refugees.” • Positive Examples of How Archives and Institutions can Engage with Refugee Communities to Preserve their Archival heritage. #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  12. Opportunities • Opportunities: • Greater Awareness – Refugee Week 2013 on Refugee History • Projects Undertaken by Archival Institutions • The National Archives • London Metropolitan Archives • Community Archives • Online Databases • Launch of the Campaign for Voluntary Archives #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  13. London Metropolitan Archives • LMA Collections Policy: • Aim to collect `Records of ethnic and other minority communities which reflect the diversity of modern London, including collections from the Afro-Caribbean, Asian and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered communities.’ (LMA: 2012). • LMA dedicated webpage on collections relating to Migration, settlement and activities of new communities and a number of collection guides. • The London Metropolitan Archive (LMA) – Events on Refugee Archives and History #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  14. Community Archives • Development of Community Archives within the UK. • The Community Archives and Heritage Group (CAHG) founded in 2006 with a remit to provide a central resource for community archive projects. • CAHG see Black, Minority and Ethnic Communities as being an important strand in the collection of community archives. • Types of successful community projects in this field include: #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  15. Community Archives • Examples of community archives on minority issues include: • The Belfast Indian Community Archive • The Birmingham Black Oral History Project • Chinese Lives: the Chinese in Newham (part of the Eastside Community Heritage East London People’s Archive). • Cypriot Diaspora Project • DeshVidesh: Home and Away – A History of the Asian Community #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  16. Campaign for Voluntary Archives • Launch of the Campaign for Voluntary Archives • www.voluntarysectorarchives.org.uk/ • DANGO • www.dango.bham.ac.uk/qsearch.asp #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  17. Conclusion • A new archival praxis? #SAA12 Session Number: 509

  18. Further Information • Further details on the Archive collections can be found here: • UEL Archives – www.uel.ac.uk/lls/search/resources/archives/ • Refugee Council Archive – refugeearchives.wordpress.com • Twitter: @refugee_archive / @ArchivesUEL/ @PaulDudman • Content level descriptions for all of our collections can also be found on both the Archives Hub and AIM25. #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

  19. Contact Details • I would be happy to respond to any questions in regard to both this presentation and our archival collections more generally. • My contact details are: • Paul V Dudman • Email: p.v.dudman@uel.ac.uk • Telephone: +44(0)20 8223 7676 • University of East London, Library & Learning Services, Docklands Campus, 4- University Way, London, E16 2RD #refugeevoicesSession Three: Panel Twelve

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