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The Age of Early European Explorations & Conquests

The Age of Early European Explorations & Conquests. A Map of the Known World, pre- 1492. Motives for European Exploration. Crusades  by-pass intermediaries to get to Asia. Renaissance  curiosity about other lands and peoples. Reformation  refugees & missionaries.

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The Age of Early European Explorations & Conquests

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  1. The Age of Early European Explorations & Conquests

  2. A Map of the Known World,pre- 1492

  3. Motives for European Exploration Crusades  by-pass intermediaries to get to Asia. Renaissance  curiosity about other lands and peoples. Reformation  refugees & missionaries. Monarchs seeking new sources of revenue. Technological advances. Fame and fortune.

  4. New Maritime Technologies Better Maps Hartman Astrolabe(1532) Mariner’s Compass Sextant

  5. New Weapons Technology

  6. Christopher Columbus [1451-1506]

  7. Columbus’ Four Voyages

  8. The “Columbian Exchange”

  9. Other Voyages of Exploration

  10. Ferdinand Magellan & the First Circumnavigation of the World:Early 16c

  11. Atlantic Explorations

  12. The First Spanish Conquests:The Aztecs vs. Fernando Cortez Montezuma II

  13. The Death of Montezuma II

  14. Mexico Surrenders to Cortez

  15. The First Spanish Conquests: The Incas vs. Francisco Pizarro Atahualpa

  16. Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

  17. The Slave Trade • Existed in Africa before the coming of the Europeans. • Portuguese replaced European slaves with Africans. • Sugar cane & sugar plantations. • First boatload of African slaves brought by the Spanish in 1518. • 275,000 enslaved Africans exportedto other countries. • Between 16c & 19c, about 10 million Africans shipped to the Americas.

  18. Slave Ship “Middle Passage”

  19. “Coffin” Position Below Deck

  20. African CaptivesThrown Overboard

  21. European Empires in the Americas

  22. Administration of the Spanish Empire in the New World • Encomienda or forced labor. • Council of the Indies. • Viceroy. • New Spain and Peru. • Papal agreement.

  23. The Influence of the Colonial Catholic Church Our Lady of Guadalupe Guadalajara Cathedral Spanish Mission

  24. The Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 & The Pope’s Line of Demarcation

  25. New Colonial Rivals

  26. Impact of European Expansion Native populations ravaged by disease. New products introduced across the continents [“Columbian Exchange”]. Deepened colonial rivalries.

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