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Mesopotamia Vocabulary Terms

Mesopotamia Vocabulary Terms. Ms. Smith World History. Chapter Objectives. Describe how religion, family life, and government influenced Sumerian civilizations. . Chapter 3 Mesopotamia Vocabulary.

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Mesopotamia Vocabulary Terms

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  1. Mesopotamia Vocabulary Terms Ms. Smith World History

  2. Chapter Objectives • Describe how religion, family life, and government influenced Sumerian civilizations.

  3. Chapter 3 MesopotamiaVocabulary • City-state: a Sumerian city and the farmland around it. Each one had its own god and government. • Ziggurat: the temple at the center of each Sumerian city. • Artisans: skilled workers. Members of the Sumerian middle class.

  4. Chapter 3 Mesopotamia Vocabulary • Cuneiform: Sumerian writings on clay tablets. Made up of hundreds of markings shaped like wedges. • Priest-kings: Sumerian priests who were also kings. • Scribe: Sumerian writer • Hereditary: passed down from parent to child.

  5. The Rise of Sumer • Sumerians grew wheat, barley, sesame, flax, fruit trees, and vegetables. • The Sumerians set up a government and laws. • As the population grew, they built cities. • Important great city was Ur.

  6. City-states • Surrounded by a wall • Wall kept out lions and bandits • Went to war with each other

  7. Religious and Family Life • Ziggurat was at the center of each city-state. • Only priests could enter. • Ziggurat: • Farmers, artisans, traders stored goods. • Poor were fed • Children went to school • Events were celebrated.

  8. Sumerians believed they were on earth to please the gods. • 3000 gods • Sons of rich went to school • Sons of poor worked in fields or learned a trade. • Writing developed to keep track of trade.

  9. Women could buy and sell property, run businesses, own and sell enslaved person.

  10. Priests and Kings • Epic of Gilgamesh – story of a great flood that covered the earth.

  11. Section 1 Review • The Sumerians gained control of the twin rivers by building levees. • The center of Sumerian life was the ziggurat the courts. • The lives of Sumerian women compared with today’s women would be described as having the ability to sell property and own businesses.

  12. Sumerian accomplishments • Cuneiform • Levees • City of Ur • Government • Irrigation • Epic of Gilgamesh

  13. Section 2: Later Empires • Empire- groups of states under one ruler. • Culture – the way of life of a group of people. • Reform – improvement • reign – period of power

  14. Sargon I • Created the world’s first empire. • Reign lasted 50 years. • Strong ruler • United the cities of Mesopotamia and Akkad.

  15. Hammurabi of Babylon • Conquered Akkad and Sumer and became ruler in 1800 B.C. • The Babylonians took many parts of the culture of the people they conquered. (language, Gods) • Brought about changes in: religion, irrigation, and the tax system.

  16. Hammurabi of Babylon • Best known for Hammurabi’s Code. • Each city-state had it’s own code. • Believed in FAIR LAWS. • Innocent until proven guilty. • Punishment ranged from fines to death. • During his reign, Babylon became an important center for trade.

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