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Mixture of Gases in Air

Mixture of Gases in Air. All Other Gases Argon = 0.93% Carbon Dioxide = 0.04%. 21% Oxygen in all Jars – but that equals a smaller amount of oxygen in a small jar. How long will the candle burn?. 1). Largest Jar = ____ sec. Medium Jar = ____ sec. Small Jar = ____ sec. 2).

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Mixture of Gases in Air

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  1. Mixture of Gases in Air All Other Gases Argon = 0.93% Carbon Dioxide = 0.04%

  2. 21% Oxygen in all Jars – but that equals a smaller amount of oxygen in a small jar How long will the candle burn? 1) Largest Jar = ____ sec Medium Jar = ____ sec Small Jar = ____ sec 2) Largest Jar = ____ sec Medium Jar = ____ sec Small Jar = ____ sec

  3. Mixture of Gases in Air All Other Gases Argon = 0.93% Carbon Dioxide = 0.04%

  4. NITROGEN • A major part of proteins, including DNA • Dilutes (thins out) the oxygen – too much or too little oxygen and we would die! • Turned into useful form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria

  5. OXYGEN • Necessary to survive! • Our cells use oxygen to create energy • All of the oxygen in our atmosphere has been created by plants – photosynthesis! • Burning requires oxygen

  6. CARBON DIOXIDE • Used by plants for photosynthesis • A greenhouse gas – carbon dioxide helps keep our planet warm • Increases in CO2 have been making the planet warmer: global warming!

  7. TRACE GASES • OZONE helps filter out the sun’s harmful rays • ARGON is used in light bulbs because it will not catch fire even in extreme heat • WATER VAPOR can condense to form clouds • HELIUM inflates balloons and blimps

  8. WRITING IN SCIENCE • Write a paragraph that summarizes in your own words how oxygen from the atmosphere is important. Include its importance to living things and in other processes.

  9. Why is the atmosphere important? • Has oxygen that living things need to survive. • Traps energy from the sun keeping earth warm • Protects living things from dangerous radiation from the sun.

  10. Exploring Air with Syringes Today, you will investigate air with syringes and tubing – work on your own or with your group. In your science notebook, copy and answer the following questions: 1) What happens to the air in the syringe when you push/pull on the plunger? 2) What can air do? 3) Record 3 observations & 1 question. *SAFETY – Be careful with the materials! Do not point either end of the syringe at another student.

  11. COMPRESS Exploring Air with Syringes Based on the investigation: What can air do? A few words you need to know… Compress– means to squeeze into a smaller space Density– the amount of mass (stuff) in a certain amount of space (volume) Air Pressure– the force of air pushing on stuff Barometer– a tool that measures air pressure

  12. Air Pressure in a Syringe Which syringe has the air under greater pressure? Low Pressure High Pressure

  13. Air Pressure in a Balloon Is the density of air molecules in a balloon greater than or less than the surrounding air? Higher Pressure & Density Lower Pressure & Density

  14. Less Pressure & Density Air Pressure at Different Altitudes Mountains (High altitude) Is air pressure greater at sea level or on top of a mountain? More Pressure & Density Sea Level (Low altitude)

  15. Layers of the Atmosphere 400 km Thermosphere Making a foldable:Layers of theAtmosphereOn the inside, include notes about each layer: 1) How thick is this layer? 2) What’s in the air here? 3) What is the temperature? 4) What happens here?*Use the textbooks (pg. 56-61) and the green “Weather & Water” books (pg. 9-11) to find the answers.*Decorate the outside with pictures of what happens in each layer. 80 km Mesosphere 50 km Stratosphere 12 km Troposphere 0 km

  16. TROPOSPHERE Thinnest Layer (0-12 km) Average Temperature of 25°C (Temperature drops as you go higher) All of Earth’s weather happens here. Air here contains water & dust. Most of the atmosphere’s air is here (this layer is very dense).

  17. STRATOSPHERE 10-50 km above earth’s surface There is almost no water or dust in this layer. Contains the OZONE LAYER (which absorbs UV radiation from the sun) Very cold, until the top of the layer, where it warms to 0°C.

  18. MESOSPHERE 50-80 km above Earth’s surface. Temperature plunges to -90°C (the coldest in the atmosphere) Meteors burn up here while entering the atmosphere.

  19. THERMOSPHERE Thickest layer (80-400 km above Earth’s surface). Air is extremely thin. Atmospheric gases fade into outer space. Temperature can spike to 1,800°C.

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