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Semantics by John I. Saeed

Chapter 8 Function of Language: Speech as Action Presented by: Siti Nawangsih Rohana Barit. Semantics by John I. Saeed. Introduction. Learning to communicate in a language involves more than acquiring the pronunciation and grammar.

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Semantics by John I. Saeed

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  1. Chapter 8 Function of Language: Speech as Action Presented by: SitiNawangsihRohanaBarit Semanticsby John I. Saeed

  2. Introduction • Learning to communicate in a language involves more than acquiring the pronunciation and grammar. • We need to learn how to ask question, make suggestion, greet and thank other speakers. • In other words we need to learn the uses to which utterances are conventionally put in the new language community and how these uses are signaled.

  3. Introduction • The terminology of such function of language is called speech acts (J.L. Austin,1975). • In discussing speech acts we are examining the union of linguistic and social behavior • There are two important characteristics of speech acts: interactivity and context-dependence

  4. Interactivity • Communicating functions involves in coordinated activity with other language users. • e.g: - asking a question - greeting someone

  5. Context-dependence 1. Speech acts which supported by institutional facts. • It relies on social convention to support them • Every society has procedures and ceremonies where some participants words carry special function. A judge -> I sentence you to hang by the neck until dead. A priest-> Now I pronounce you husband and wife. A president-> I declare a state of national emergency.

  6. Context-dependence 2. The local context of speech act. • An utterance may signal one speech act in one situation and another elsewhere. e.g. If the asker already knows the answer then the question can be a request. Can you tell me the time?

  7. Context-dependence When there is a conventional match between grammatical form and speech act function we can identify a sentence type

  8. THANK YOU…

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