The Swine Flu

1. The Swine Flu The Things You Need to Know! An ETSITechnologies Wellness Program Presentation of Raymond A. Federe, M.D., O.H.

2. A Respiratory Disease that is causing pandemonium to millions of people WORLDWIDE.

3. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY INTRODUCTION • 3 Types of INFLUENZA • Type A • Type B • Type C • These are single stranded RNA viruses which are structurally & biologically similar but vary antigenically.

4. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY INTRODUCTION • SWINE FLU is a respiratory disease caused by influenza viruses A(H1N1) • INFLUENZA Type A with Hemagglutinin Type 1 & Neuraminidase Type 1 as surface antigens

5. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY INTRODUCTION • 1st isolated in the U.S. (1930) • Infections have remained in local areas with people closely associated with pigs (farmers, pork processors)

6. Mexico Influenza A(H1N1) - 2009

7. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY INTRODUCTION • PIGS is a unique intermediary host because its respiratory cells can be infected directly with BIRD, HUMAN & other mammalian flu viruses.

8. Avian Influenza A (H1N1) Human Influenza Swine Influenza

9. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY Mode of Transmission • Respiratory Secretions • Cough • Sneeze • Has incubation period of 1-3 days

10. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY What are the Symptoms? • Fever (> or = 37.8 Centigrade) • Cough • Colds • Sore Throat • Fatigue • Headache • Nausea • Vomiting • Diarrhea

11. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY How Is It Diagnosed? • History (Travel to countries with cases of A(H1N1)) • Diagnosed CLINICALLY • Nasopharyngeal Swab

12. NASOPHARYNGEAL SWAB (Done 3-7 days after exposure) • Distinguish between Type “A” and Type “B” • If test is Negative, no Swine Flu • If test is Positive for Type B, NOT Swine Flu • If test is Positive for Type A, COULD be conventional Flu or Swine Flu

13. NASOPHARYNGEAL SWAB (Done 3-7 days after exposure) Preliminary results can be obtained in HOURS but the final results take 2 days

14. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY Is There a Treatment? • No available Vaccine YET • 2 Antivirals available in the market: • oseltamivir (Tamiflu), 75mg BID • zanamivir (Relenza), 10mg BID • These drugs are NOT used indiscriminately or routinely used for prevention because of development of RESISTANCE to the Virus

15. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY Complications? • Primary Influenza Pneumonia • Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia • S. Aureus, S. Pneumonia & H. Influenza • Myocarditis and Pericarditis

16. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY How can we Prevent it? • Regular Influenza Vaccination yearly • (Effective 10-14 days after admin.)

17. "Influenza vaccination is the most effective method for preventing influenza virus infection and its potentially severe complications." -USCDC

18. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY How can we Prevent it? • Build your IMMUNE SYSTEM • Have at least 8 hours of sleep • Be physically active • Manage your stress • Drink plenty of fluids • Eat nutritious food

19. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY How can we Prevent it? • PRECAUTIONS: • Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing

20. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY How can we Prevent it? • PRECAUTIONS: • Wash hands regularly with soap & water, especially after you cough or sneeze. Alcohol-based hand cleaners may also be used

21. Since the virus can remain viable and infectious for about 48 hours on many surfaces

22. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY How can we Prevent it? • PRECAUTIONS: • Avoid close contact with sick people

23. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY How can we Prevent it? • PRECAUTIONS: • If sick, self-monitor and stay home from work or school and LIMIT contact with others

24. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY How can we Prevent it? • PRECAUTIONS: • Consult your doctor immediately should signs and symptoms of flu persist

25. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY The Latest World Update • 08 June 2009: • 73 countrieshave officially reported 25,288 cases of influenza A (H1N1) infection with 139 deaths. • U.S. has reported 13,217 laboratory confirmed human cases, including 27 deaths • Mexico has reported 5717, including 106 deaths

26. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY The Latest World Update • 03 June 2009: • 66 countrieshave officially reported 19,273 cases of influenza A (H1N1) infection with 117 deaths. • Canada has reported 2115 cases including 3 deaths • Chile has 411 cases with 1 death. • Costa Rica has reported 68, including 1 death

27. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY The Latest World Update

30. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY D.O.H. Preventive role • International Airport Screening

31. Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM) • ALABANG, MUNTINLUPA • San Lazaro Hospital - MANILA • Lung Center of the Philippines - QUEZON CITY • Vicente Sotto Medical Center - CEBU CITY • Davao Medical Center - DAVAO CITY

32. AH1N1 Setting in the Philippines As of JUNE 9, 2009 • Confirmed cases: 54 • Since May 1, 2009, the DOH has monitored a total of 599 cases • There are 58 new Cases Under Observation (CUOs) • www.doh.gov.ph

33. NO Community Outbreak

34. INTRODUCTION TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT COMPLICATIONS PREVENTION SWINE FLU (WORLD) SWINE FLU (PHILIPPINES) SUMMARY Summary • It is OK to eat PORK • Have your yearly FLU Shots • Consult your doctor, DON’T Self Medicate! • Prevention is better than cure

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