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The “New Unionism”

The “New Unionism”. I. Overview II. Radical Unions A. IWW B. Garment Workers III. Industrial Strikes, 1909-1916 A. Steel B. Textile C. Garment IV. Explaining outcomes A. Union organization B. Public opinion C. Employers D. Institutionalism. Overview. Workers

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The “New Unionism”

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  1. The “New Unionism” I. Overview II. Radical Unions A. IWW B. Garment Workers III. Industrial Strikes, 1909-1916 A. Steel B. Textile C. Garment IV. Explaining outcomes A. Union organization B. Public opinion C. Employers D. Institutionalism

  2. Overview • Workers • Immigrants, blacks, & women • Jobs • Semi-skilled factory labor • Units • Industrial unions Striking laundry workers, Chicago, 1903

  3. IWW • Western Federation of Miners • IWW founded 1905 as response to AFL • Syndicalism WFM leaders, Pettibone, Haywood, and Moyer, on trial, 1907

  4. Garment Workers • Workers • Immigrants • Eastern European Jews • Lithuanians • Italians • Women • Unions • International Ladies Garment Workers • United Garment Workers

  5. Steel  Members of PA constabulary, 1909 “Bloody corner” McKee Rocks, PA, 1909 ↓

  6. Textile • Lawrence • Lowell • Patterson

  7. Clothing • 1909 • 20K shirtwaist workers • 1910 • 60K NYC cloak-makers • 40K in Chicago • 1911 • 150K workers Rochester, 1913

  8. Organization Garment workers: • Avoid factionalism • Amalgamated • Retain ties to AFL establishment Chicago garment workers in Labor Day parade, 1915

  9. Public Opinion • Machismo v. Maternalism • Radical Chic v. Middle-class Morality • Triangle Fire, 1911

  10. Employers • Garment manufacturers and retailers were often German Jews • Heavily involved in reform movements • Connection to workers creates sense of responsibility Edward A. Filene

  11. Institutionalism • IWW Syndicalism versus • ACWA Brandeis-ism ACWA members thank leader Sidney Hillman, 1915

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