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F.6 Chemistry Project Dipole-dipole interaction and its application

F.6 Chemistry Project Dipole-dipole interaction and its application. Fung Chun Yu (8) Kwok Chun Nga (9) Chan Wai Sum (5). Introduction. What is dipole-dipole interaction? The difference in electronegativities between elements in a covalent bond produces a certain degree of polarization

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F.6 Chemistry Project Dipole-dipole interaction and its application

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  1. F.6 Chemistry ProjectDipole-dipole interaction and its application Fung Chun Yu (8) Kwok Chun Nga (9) Chan Wai Sum (5)

  2. Introduction • What is dipole-dipole interaction? • The difference in electronegativities between elements in a covalent bond produces a certain degree of polarization • The electron cloud is distorted, and a dipole is produced

  3. Introduction • What is dipole-dipole interaction? • example can be seen in hydrogen chloride (HCl) • Cl, being more electronegative, pulls the electron cloud towards it  Distortion of electron cloud • The positive end attracts the negative end  the molecules are packed regularly in a head-to- tail fashion

  4. Introduction An illustration of the head-to-tail arrangement of molecules due to dipole-dipole interaction

  5. Introduction An extraordinarily simple animation showing the interaction between HCl molecules

  6. Application of dipole-dipole interaction • LCD • Biological field

  7. Liquid Crystal Display • consists of two sheets of polarizing material with a liquid crystal solution in between • can be orientated into a a desired direction under current. • light will be polarized by this pattern Why can the liquid crystal be arranged by electricity?

  8. Liquid Crystal Display • liquid crystal molecule used is introduced below • Methoxybenzilidene Butylanaline (MBBA) • p-decyloxybenzylidene p'-amino 2-methylbutylcinnamate (DOBAMBC)

  9. Liquid Crystal Display • The molecules are dipoles • they twist the plane of polarization originally • They are aligned regularly in a head-to-tail fashion as mentioned above when electric field is applied • formed a polaroid • light is then blocked

  10. Biological Field • Molecular arrangement of protein There are four levels of protein structure • Primary level arrangement of amino acid • Secondary structure  helical coiling of the peptide

  11. Biological Field • Tertiary structure  spatial relationship of different secondary structures  • Quaternary structure How can we stabilize the protein structure???

  12. Biological Field • Polypeptide is a long chain molecule • Dipole is present in polypeptide • Interactions including Dipole – dipole interaction stabilize the structure

  13. Biological Field • Example: Haemoglobin • Consists of four protein subunits + haem molecule • Formation of haemoglobin involved dipole-dipole interaction • Dipole-dipole interaction allow the haemoglobin to take its final shape

  14. Acknowledgement • Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/ • http://www.gullwinguk.com • http://bucarotechelp.com/computers/anatomy/91060003.asp

  15. The End

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