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Chapter 3 Biochemistry

Chapter 3 Biochemistry. Pg. 50. Section 1: Carbon Compounds. Organic Compounds. Contain carbon Come from living things. How can you tell whether a compound is organic or not? By the presence of the element, carbon. H 2 SO 4 ? C 6 H 12 O 6 ? .

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Chapter 3 Biochemistry

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  1. Chapter 3 Biochemistry Pg. 50

  2. Section 1: Carbon Compounds Organic Compounds • Contain carbon • Come from living things How can you tell whether a compound is organic or not? By the presence of the element, carbon. H2SO4 ? C6H12O6 ?

  3. A carbon atom has 4 electrons in its outermost energy level… What does this mean? Unlike other elements; however, Carbon will also bond with other carbon atoms It means that carbon will form four covalent bonds with atoms of other elements. A carbon atom A molecule of ethane

  4. Carbon atoms bond together in various arrangements… • Straight chains • Branched chains • Rings

  5. Each line in a structural model represents a single bond where 1 pair of electrons is shared • How many pairs of electrons are shared in a double bond? • Where is the double bond ?

  6. Functional Groups • A cluster of atoms that influence the molecules they compose • There are 4 functional groups: 1. hydroxyl 2. carboxyl 3. amino 4. phosphate

  7. 1. Hydroxyl ( -OH) *can make the molecule it is attached to polar • Polar molecules are soluble in water • An alcohol is an example of an organic compound that has a hydroxyl group An alcohol called ethanol

  8. Is alcohol soluble in water?(Does it dissolve in water?) • Yes! Because it is a polar compound like water. “LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE”

  9. 2. Carboxyl Carboxylic acid

  10. 3. Amino • The amino group is found in all amino acids which make up proteins

  11. 4. Phosphate • Ex. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) • There are 3phosphate groups in ATP. • ATP is a molecule that stores energy AND supplies that energy directly to cells

  12. Energy is released from ATP when the bonds between phosphate groups are broken.

  13. For Review: • What is the name of each functional group? A. Hydroxyl B. Carboxyl C. Amino

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