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Important Bacterial Groups

Important Bacterial Groups. In addition to being classified by Gram staining and shape, bacteria are also classified by biochemical properties and evolutionary relationships . Proteobacteria. Largest and most diverse group Several subgroups w/ varying nutritional needs

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Important Bacterial Groups

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  1. Important Bacterial Groups In addition to being classified by Gram staining and shape, bacteria are also classified by biochemicalproperties and evolutionary relationships.

  2. Proteobacteria • Largest and most diverse group • Several subgroups w/ varying nutritional needs • Aerobic and anaerobic Many live in symbiotic relationships with other organisms.

  3. Proteobacteria cont. • Nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in nodules on the roots of legumes (beans, alfalfa, clover etc.) • Atmospheric nitrogen is not in a form usable to plants; without these bacteria plants could not make nitrogen

  4. Proteobacteria cont. • Agrobacterium- causes tumors in plants • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever • Stomach ulcers • E. coli- live in digestive tract • Salmonella- food borne illnesses

  5. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever • …carried by ticks

  6. Gram-Positive Bacteria • Very large group • Includes bacteria that cause strep throat • Botulism • Members of the genus Lactobacilli used to make yogurt • anthrax

  7. Anthrax- a biological weapon

  8. Gram-positive bacteria that grow in soil are used to make antibiotics • What color do they stain? Why?

  9. Cyanobacteria • A.k.a blue-green algae • Photosynthetic • Very numerous • Contribute to oxygen-rich atmosphere • Food source to marine animals

  10. Spirochetes • Gram negative • Spiral-shapted • Aerobic or anaerobic • Corkscrew rotation • Pathogens or free living • Syphilis • Lyme Disease

  11. Chlamydia • Gram negative • Only live inside animal cells which supply them with nutrients and protection • no peptidoglycan Can lead to inability to have children Sometimes no symptoms are observed Can be passed from mother to child

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