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Minerals

Minerals. A mineral: occurs naturally Is inorganic Is solid Has a crystal structure Has a definite chemical composition. Minerals. There are 3000 minerals. 100 are common. 20 minerals make up most of the rock’s of Earth’s crust ( rock - forming minerals). Mineral Formation.

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Minerals

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  1. Minerals • A mineral: • occurs naturally • Is inorganic • Is solid • Has a crystal structure • Has a definite chemical composition

  2. Minerals • There are 3000 minerals. • 100 are common. • 20 minerals make up most of the rock’s of Earth’s crust (rock-forming minerals).

  3. Mineral Formation • Minerals form through: • Crystallization of melted materials. • Crystallization of materials dissolved in water.

  4. Crystals • Repeating patterns of a mineral’s particles that form a solid.

  5. Minerals • All minerals contain certain elements in definite amounts. • Most minerals are compounds (two or more elements). • Silver and gold are considered minerals.

  6. Mohs Hardness Scale Talc 1Gypsum 2Calcite 3Fluorite 4Apatite 5Feldspar 6Quartz 7Topaz 8Sapphire 9Diamond 10 The Mohs hardness scale ranks ten minerals from softest to hardest.

  7. Minerals are ranked according to: • Color

  8. Streak– the color of a mineral’s powder.

  9. Luster – how shiny a mineral is.

  10. Density—mass per unit volume (specific gravity)

  11. Cleavage – breaking of a mineral along a regular line.

  12. Fracture – irregular breaking of a mineral.

  13. Fluorescence Minerals that glow under ultraviolet light.

  14. Magnetism Magnetism occurs naturally in some minerals, such as magnetite.

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