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Cell Organelles

Cell Organelles. Chapter 6. Nucleus. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Ribosome. Found in Both Prokaryotes + Eukaryotes Site of protein synthesis Found free or bound onto Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Also found in Mitochondria + Chloroplasts

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Cell Organelles

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  1. Cell Organelles Chapter 6

  2. Nucleus 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

  3. Ribosome • Found in Both Prokaryotes + Eukaryotes • Site of protein synthesis • Found free or bound onto Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum • Also found in Mitochondria + Chloroplasts • Consists of 65% rRNA (ribosomal RNA) + 35% RNP (Ribonuclear Protein) • 2 subunits: Large & Small

  4. Ribosome (Page 2) • Prokaryote: 70s ribosome = 50s (large) + 30s (small) • Eukaryote: 80s = 60s (large) + 40s (small)

  5. 3. 1. 2. 4. 5.

  6. Function of ERs • Rough ER • Membrane factory (Phospholipids and Membrane Proteins) • Proteins to be secreted • Smooth ER • Lipid synthesis • Detoxification of drugs (Liver) • Carbohydrate metabolism + Ca2+ storage

  7. Endomembrane System Function of the Golgi body?

  8. Lysosome

  9. Mitochondria

  10. Mitochondrion • Powerhouse of the cell • Cellular Respiration (Aerobic Respiration) • Circular DNA + Ribosomes (70s) in Matrix • 2 membranes • Outer membrane = Plasma or Cell membrane • Inner membrane – membrane proteins are entirely different than outer membrane • Endosymbiosis Theory

  11. Chloroplast

  12. Chloroplast

  13. Chloroplast • Site of Photosynthesis • Thylakoid membranes = Light-Dependent Rxns (Photo) • Stroma = Light-Independent Rxns (Synthesis) • How many membranes? • Contains ribosomes (70s) + circular DNA

  14. Cellular Structure • Where do cells get their rigidity? • Plant cells = Cell Wall • Still have cytoskeleton • Animal cells – need the cytoskeleton (3 main types)

  15. Cytoskeleton • What are the three types of filaments comprising cytoskeleton? • What are the intermediate filaments associated with? • Which filament is found in cilia? • What is the arrangement of filament in cilia? • What is the filament arrangement in centrioles?

  16. Extracellular Matrix (ECM) • Only in animal cells • Structural support • Binds animal cells together • Why is it absent in plant cells?

  17. Plasmodesmata • Only Intercellular junction in plant cells • Channels between adjacent cells • Similar to which intercellular junction in animal cells?

  18. 2. 1. 3. 4. 8. 5. 9. 6. 10. 7. 11. 12.

  19. 1. 11. 2. 10. 9. 3. 8. 4. 7. 5. 6.

  20. More Questions • 1. Name 2 organelles that contain DNA? • 2. Name 3 organelles that contain DNA • 3. Name 1 of the 2 organelles that have 2 membranes • 4. Name both organelles that have 2 membranes • 5. Which organelle has 3 membranes? • 6. Which 2 organelles have ribosomes? • 7. Which organelle is directly connected to the nucleus?

  21. More Questions (2) • 8. Name an organelle that lacks a membrane • 9. Name the cellular junction in plants • 10. Name 2 of the cellular junctions in animals • 11. Which filament comprises the nuclear lamina? • 12. Which filament is found in centrioles? • 13. Which filament is prominent in muscle cells? • 14. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

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