1 / 56

Managing Reproduction in a Modern Dairy Herd

Managing Reproduction in a Modern Dairy Herd. Gregory M. Goodell, DVM The Dairy Authority, LLC. Transitioning a cow properly through the post partum period Heat Detection/Timed AI Pregnancy Diagnosis Monitoring the reproductive process. Components of Establishing Pregnancy.

kuper
Télécharger la présentation

Managing Reproduction in a Modern Dairy Herd

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Managing Reproduction in a Modern Dairy Herd Gregory M. Goodell, DVM The Dairy Authority, LLC

  2. Transitioning a cow properly through the post partum period • Heat Detection/Timed AI • Pregnancy Diagnosis • Monitoring the reproductive process Components of Establishing Pregnancy

  3. Extremely important • Large impact • Multifactorial Transition through post partum period

  4. Michael W. Overton, DVM, MPVM University of Georgia-College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA

  5. Heat Detection • Observe for signs of estrous • Advantages: • Less expensive and easier to implement • Disadvantages • Time consuming, more skill required Heat Detection: How do I find cows that are ready to breed?

  6. Marking Crayons/Chalk • Pressure-sensitive pads • Pedometers • Rumen boluses Heat Detection Aides

  7. Pressure Sensitive Pads

  8. HeatWatch Pressure Pad

  9. Pedometers

  10. Train personnel on signs of estrous • Cannot cut corners here! • Excellent tools for vets from stud services and breeding companies • Review numbers often as a program starts to evaluate heat detection numbers. Implementing Heat Detection on a Dairy

  11. Many different programs • Success depends on management/style of the dairy • Labor intensive • Compliance a must Timed Artificial Insemination (TAI)

  12. TAI Programs

  13. CIDRSync Programs with CIDRs

  14. Veterinarian should couple the management ability of the dairy with the TAI program • A producer will almost always go for the program with the best published rates but demand the most convenient program • In general the more intense the program the better the rates Which TAI Program is Best?

  15. Same time every day of week and time (including Christmas day and July 4th!) • All cows MUST be found. • Missed injections primary cause of compliance failure. Compliance to TAI Programs

  16. Preg rate = Heat detection X Conception rate • TAI programs force 100% heat detection • If a TAI program requires 6 visits to the cow and we miss 5% of the cows at all visits then we’ve reduced effective heat detection rate from 100 to 70%. If conception rate is 40% then we’ve reduce preg rate by 12% Example of Compliance

  17. Preg Rates and Costs

  18. * If CIDR used add another $9.00 Preg Rates and Costs

  19. Rectal Palpation • Ultrasound • Blood Test • Milk Test Pregnancy Diagnosis

  20. Most common form of pregnancy diagnosis for cattle • Conducted between 30-50 days after breeding • Sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 96% when conducted between 35 and 45 d post AI • Chronic Trauma to shoulder Rectal Palpation

  21. Usually performed between 28-35 days • Sensitivity of 97.7% and specificity of 87.7% when conducted between 26 and 33 d post AI (Pieterse et al., 1990) • Skills vary among ultrasonographers • Rechecks still must be done • Reduced shoulder trauma if extension arm used. Ultrasonography

  22. Current controversy regarding stage to preg check • Research shows no difference in economics when preg check between 32 and 39 days (Silva, et al 2009 ) • At 39 days U/S not required and neither is early P2 Ultrasonography

  23. Detection of early pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) • Pregnancy-Specific Protein B (PSPB) • Proteins only produced by the placenta of the growing fetus Blood Tests for Pregnancy

  24. Sensitivity reported to be between 96-99% • Specificity reported to be between 97-99% • Lay personnel can pull the sample • Often combined with other modalities of pregnancy diagnosis allowing for coverage of more animals or larger herds • Decrease physical wear and tear of shoulder Advantages of Blood Testing

  25. Requires minimum of 24 hours to achieve result • Does not provide any fetal staging • Half life of some PAGs may be as long as 90 day postpartum Disadvantages of Blood Testing

  26. bioTracking • Idexx • Conception Commercially Available Tests

  27. Test name is BioPryn • Located in Moscow, Idaho • Characteristics • Se/Sp is 100/87.8 at 30-36 days post breeding • Used as early as 28 days post breeding • Must wait until 90 days postpartum • Cost is $2.50-$3.50 per sample bioTracking

  28. Idexx Bovine Pregnancy Test • Serum or milk • Located in Westbrook, Maine • Characteristics • Se/Sp is 99.3%/95.1% at 30 days post breeding • Used as early as 28 days post breeding • Must wait 60 days post partum before using • Cost between $2.50 and $3.00 per sample Idexx

  29. Test name is DG29 • Located in Québec, Canada • Characteristics • Se/Sp is 99.4/100 at 29days post breeding • Used as early as 29 days post breeding • Must wait 90 days post partum before using • Cost between $3.20 and $4.00 per sample Conception

  30. Reproduction Analysis

  31. Case Definitions!! • Pregnant Cows/Exposed Cows • Pregnancy Rate, DIM, DOPN, etc. • Include cows in EWP? • Include Dead/Sold Cows? • Include Dry Cows? • Frequency of preg checks Basic Concepts

  32. 40-45% of milking herd pregnant • 180-200 Average DIM • Cull rate less than 35% (???) High Production Herd Characteristics

  33. # milking cows pregnant/total # of cows milking. • 30-50% is the goal (moves with DIM) • Dry cows not included • In DC305… • Sum by rc for rc=1-5 Lact>0\B % of the Milking Herd Pregnant

  34. Days in milk at first breeding (DIMFB) • Days Open (DOPN) • Days in milk (DIM) Herd Averages

  35. Days in milk at first breeding (DIMFB) • Days Open (DOPN) • Days in milk (DIM) Count AvDIMFB Av DOPN Av DIM ------ ------- ------- ------- 2851 62 119 180 Herd Averages

  36. Days in milk at first breeding (DIMFB) • Days Open (DOPN) • Days in milk (DIM) Count AvDIMFB Av DOPN Av DIM ------ ------- ------- ------- 2851 62 119 180 4412 63 146 200 Herd Averages

  37. Need to be certain of where CLEANUP parameters are set • Commands like COUNT, SUM and PCT do NOT look at sold/died cows unless told to • Switches in DC305 • \B, \D, \L Using DC305 for Repro Analysis

  38. # milking cows preg and >150 DIM / #cows milking and greater than 150 DIM • In DC305… • Sum by RC for DIM>150 RC=1-5 Lact>0 • Goal 50-70% (moves with DIM) • Dry cows not included % Milking Herd Preg and >150 DIM

  39. Calendar Month • Times Bred • Tech • Breeding Code • Interval Analysis • Day of the Week Specific Areas of Monitoring

  40. By Calendar Month for past 12 months Month 95% CI %Conc #Preg #Open Other Abort Total %Tot SPC ==================== ====== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ==== ==== 2012 January 35-45 40 142 214 72 41 428 4 2.5 2012 February 35-44 40 179 271 79 46 529 5 2.5 2012 March 35-43 39 204 319 108 47 631 6 2.6 2012 April 37-45 41 251 358 134 62 743 8 2.4 2012 May 36-44 40 220 336 110 47 666 7 2.5 2012 June 28-35 31 178 392 74 46 644 7 3.2 2012 July 13-19 16 100 531 117 20 748 8 6.3 2012 August 8-12 10 83 742 134 8 959 10 9.9 2012 September 14-18 16 158 837 203 11 1198 12 6.3 2012 October 27-32 29 314 754 310 19 1378 14 3.4 2012 November 37-44 41 333 487 166 6 986 10 2.5 2012 December 30-38 34 192 373 * 144 2 709 7 2.9 2013 January - 0 0 93 * 141 0 234 2 TOTALS 28-30 29 2354 5707 1792 355 9853 100 3.4 1002 non-AI breedings were omitted

  41. By Times Bred Bred Number 95% CI %Conc #Preg #Open Other Abort Total %Tot SPC ==================== ====== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ==== ==== 1 27-40 33 62 124 4 0 190 32 3.0 2 30-46 37 51 86 0 1 137 23 2.7 3 22-42 31 25 55 4 1 84 14 3.2 4 18-40 27 17 45 2 1 64 11 3.6 5 18-47 31 11 25 1 0 37 6 3.3 6 22-56 37 10 17 1 0 28 5 2.7 7 12-55 29 4 10 2 0 16 3 3.5 8 15-58 33 5 10 1 0 16 3 3.0 OTHERS 6-38 16 3 16 3 0 22 4 6.3 TOTALS 29-37 33 188 388 18 3 594 100 3.1 35 non-AI breedings were omitted

  42. By Technician Technician 95% CI %Conc #Preg #Open Other Abort Total %Tot SPC ==================== ====== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ==== ==== Efrain 19-31 25 50 153 5 1 208 35 4.1 Luis 17-35 25 21 64 4 0 89 15 4.0 Alfonso 35-46 41 117 171 11 2 299 50 2.5 TOTALS 29-37 33 188 388 20 3 596 100 3.1 35 non-AI breedings were omitted

  43. By Breeding Code Breeding Code 95% CI %Conc #Preg #Open Other Abort Total %Tot SPC ==================== ====== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ==== ==== CIDR 12-49 26 5 14 0 1 19 3 3.8 Thur PM 40-63 52 33 31 3 1 67 11 1.9 Normal 31-44 37 85 142 8 1 235 39 2.7 TAI 20-30 25 65 199 9 0 273 46 4.1 OTHERS 0-66 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 TOTALS 29-37 33 188 388 20 3 596 100 3.1 35 non-AI breedings were omitted

  44. By Day of the Week Week Day 95% CI %Conc #Preg #Open Other Abort Total %Tot SPC ==================== ====== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ==== ==== Monday 24-55 38 13 21 0 0 34 6 2.6 Tuesday 36-70 54 15 13 0 1 28 5 1.9 Wednesday 25-51 37 17 29 5 0 51 9 2.7 Thursday 33-52 42 45 62 3 1 110 18 2.4 Friday 22-32 26 81 225 11 1 317 53 3.8 Saturday 14-44 27 8 22 0 0 30 5 3.8 Sunday 20-55 36 9 16 1 0 26 4 2.8 TOTALS 29-37 33 188 388 20 3 596 100 3.1 35 non-AI breedings were omitted

More Related