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Lesson 6

Lesson 6. Translating the following sentences into Chinese. 1. His very appearance at any affair proclaims it a triumph. 2. After an impatient oath or two, she got her hair away from her eyes, sufficiently to obtain a sight of him. 3. He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker.

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Lesson 6

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  1. Lesson 6

  2. Translating the following sentences into Chinese • 1. His very appearance at any affair proclaims it a triumph. • 2. After an impatient oath or two, she got her hair away from her eyes, sufficiently to obtain a sight of him. • 3. He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker. • 4. He showed with his eyes that he heard, but made no sign of assent or dissent. • 5. The judge sat in the dinning-room amid his morning mail.

  3. Translating the following sentences into Chinese • 6. We are quite sure that the socialist system will replace the capitalist system in the end. • 7. The successful fishermen of that day were already in. • 8. On that day they were escorted to the Great Wall of China. • 9. He was snuffed by the top-ranking officials there. • 10. All the wounded were sent to the hospital right away.

  4. Activity 2 Translation Theory • Task 1 Two Systems for Translating • Read the following paragraph which introduces one system for translating. Can you then explain in your own words what the letters A, X and B in Figure 1 represent? Please fill in the blanks according to what you have just read.

  5. The first system of translation consists in setting up a series of rules which are intended to be applied strictly in order and are designed to specify exactly what should be done with each item or combination of items in the source language so as to select the appropriate corresponding form in the receptor language. This automatic selection process is best accomplished by working through an intermediate, neutral, universal linguistic structure. This go-between language into which the source is translated and from which the finished translation is derived may be either another natural language or a completely artificial language. This approach is based on the application of rules to what linguistics call the “surface structure” of language, that is, the level of structure which is overtly spoken and heard, or written and read. This approach may be diagrammed as in Figure 1 (Nida and Taber 1969:33) • Figure 1 A----------X-------→B

  6. Figure 1 A----------X-------→B • In Figure 1, A represents (1)____________and B represents (2)___________. The letter X stands for (3)_________________________________ • (1) the source language • (2) the receptor language • (3) any intermediate structure which may have been set up as a kind of universal structure to which any and all languages might be related for more economic transfer.

  7. Another System of Translation • The second system of translation consists of a more elaborate procedure comprising three stages: (1) analysis, in which the surface structure (i.e. the message as given in language A) is analyzed in terms of (a) the grammatical relationships and (b) the meanings of the words and combinations of words, (2) transfer, in which the analyzed material is translated from language A to language B, and (3) restructuring, in which the transferred material is restructured in order to make the final message fully acceptable in the receptor language (ibid).

  8. Draw a diagram • A B • (Source) (Receptor) • ∣ ↑ • (Analysis) (Restructuring) • ↓ ∣ • X-------------(Transfer)---------→ Y • Figure 2

  9. Activity 3 Translating Skill: Changing the Part of Speech (2) • Task 1 Translating Nouns as Adjectives • He is a perfect stranger in the city and needs a lot of help from us. • 他对这城市完全陌生，需要我们的大力帮助。 • Independent thinking is an absolute necessity for research students. • 独立思考对研究生来说是绝对必要的。

  10. Task 1 Translating Nouns as Adjectives • We found difficulty in finishing the project on time. • 我们感到要按时完成工程很困难。 • She led them out of the crowded living room and into the privacy of the study. • 她把他们领出拥挤的客厅，带到了没人注意的书房里去。 • She was shocked at the singularity of the stranger’s appearance. • 那个陌生人的古怪外表把她吓了一跳。

  11. Task 2 Between Adjectives and Adverbs • The intermittent gunshots in the distance made us turn apprehensive glances toward the area. • 远方时断时续的枪声使得我们向那一地区投去忧虑的目光。 • 远方时断时续的枪声使得我们不时忧虑地朝着那一地区张望。 • It was a clear and unemotional exposition of the company’s reasons for ending the contract. • 这是一篇关于该公司中止合同的理由的清楚明白、心平气和的说明。 • 这篇发言清楚明白、心平气和地说明了该公司中止合同的原因。

  12. They had prepared meticulously for this conference. • 他们认为这次会议已经十分周密地准备了。 • 他们为这次会议做了十分周密的准备。 • This is complete nonsense • 这是完全的胡说。 • 这完全是一派胡言。 • She whispered a hurried good-bye to her mother and got into the car. • 她轻声地向母亲道了匆匆的再见，钻进了汽车。 • 她匆匆地向母亲轻声道别，钻进了汽车。

  13. By dialing the right number, you may be able to select a play or a movie from the library for showing on your home screen. • 只要拨了正确的号码，你就可以在家里的电视屏幕上选看到由图书馆发出的一出戏或者一场电影。 • 只要拨对了号码，你就可以在家里的电视屏幕上选看到由图书馆“发”给你的一出戏或者一场电影。 • The film English Patient impressed her deeply. • 电影《别问我是谁》（又译《英国病人》）深深地给她留下了印象。 • 《别问我是谁》（又译《英国病人》）这部电影给她留下了深刻的印象。

  14. Task 3 Translating Back into English • 当他感觉到这个年轻人对自己的婚姻可能造成威胁时，就本能地想尽快摆脱他。 • When he felt the potential threat this young man might pose to his marriage, his instinct was to get away from him as soon as possible. • 他有礼貌地前来访问城市平民，获得了香港市民的一些好感。 • He earned some appreciation from Hong Kong citizens by the courtesy of coming to visit the city poor.

  15. Activity 5 For Your Enjoyment or Practice • No young man believes he shall ever die. There is a feeling of Eternity in youth, which makes us amend for every thing. To be young is to be one of the Immortal Gods. One half of time indeed is flown—the other half remains in store for us with all its countless treasures; for there is no line drawn, and we see no limit to our hopes and wishes. We make the coming age our own. “The vast, the unbounded prospect lies before us.” We look round in a new world, full of life, and motion, and ceaseless progress; and feel in ourselves all the vigor and spirit to keep pace with it, and do not foresee from any present symptoms how we shall be left behind in the natural course of things, decline into old age, and drop into the grave.

  16. No young man believes he shall ever die. There is a feeling of Eternity in youth, which makes us amend for every thing. To be young is to be one of the Immortal Gods. One half of time indeed is flown—the other half remains in store for us with all its countless treasures; for there is no line drawn, and we see no limit to our hopes and wishes. We make the coming age our own. “The vast, the unbounded prospect lies before us.” We look round in a new world, full of life, and motion, and ceaseless progress; and feel in ourselves all the vigor and spirit to keep pace with it, and do not foresee from any present symptoms how we shall be left behind in the natural course of things, decline into old age, and drop into the grave. • 没有一个年轻人相信他是要死的。在青春时有一种永恒的感觉，使人获得了一切的补偿。年轻人快乐似神仙。虽则半生一晃就过去了，还有下半生带着无限的宝藏，仍然给他储备着，因为前程远大，希望无穷。这个新的时代是属于年轻人的。一个广大无边的前景展开在他前面。他环顾周遭这个新的世界，充满着生命，活跃和不断的进步，他自身也感到元气旺盛，精神焕发，要来和它并驾齐驱。没有任何征候会使他预感到有朝一日，自己行将落伍，伦入老境，而终于要掉进墓穴中去的。

  17. Activity 6 Homework • Revision (Textbook P53-56 + Notes in class)

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