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Structure of the Atom

Structure of the Atom. Chapter 10 Pages 240 - 254. How are atoms studied?. Atoms are the building blocks of matter Atoms are too small in size to study easily Size of Earth : soda can = soda can : atom. Who studied the atom?. Studied by many scientists for centuries

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Structure of the Atom

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  1. Structure of the Atom Chapter 10 Pages 240 - 254

  2. How are atoms studied? • Atoms are the building blocks of matter • Atoms are too small in size to study easily • Size of Earth : soda can = soda can : atom

  3. Who studied the atom? • Studied by many scientists for centuries • Democritus (400 BC) – phrase “atomos” • Rutherford (1911) – nucleus (gold foil expt) • Moseley (1913) – X-rays to find atomic # • *Bohr (1913) – planetary model of the atom • *Schrödinger (1923) – electron cloud model

  4. The Bohr Model

  5. N P e I’m an electron! I’m a proton! I’m a neutron!

  6. P N e I was walking along and I saw these two. I was telling jokes to the neutron. The proton and I were having fun.

  7. P P P P N N N N e e e e They looked so happy there together. I was p o s i t i v e l y charged! I couldn’t have amassed more happiness.

  8. P N e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e The proton looked happy, so I wandered closer. I could see the electron coming near. The who? Huh?

  9. P N e They were HUGE next to me! The electron was so cute! Like a speck of dust, or something…

  10. P N e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e I didn’t want to seem obvious, so I kept walking. Around and around the electron goes. Hey electron, you’re making the proton dizzy.

  11. P P P P P P P N N N N N N N e The proton seems so happy with the neutron. I’m having fun, but I still notice the electron. It won’t bother me if the electron hangs around.

  12. P N e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e I guess I’ll just wander around out here. I’m happy hanging out here. The center is cool, but sometimes it can be a “Bohr”.

  13. P N e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Electrons circle around the nucleus of an atom. Protons are a main part of the nucleus of an atom. Neutrons also hang out in the nucleus of an atom.

  14. P N e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Electrons have a negative charge.  Protons have a positive charge. + Neutrons have no charge. 0

  15. P N e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Electrons are little and have a mass of almost zero. Protons are big and have a mass of one. Neutrons are also big and have a mass of one.

  16. P N e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e The Bohr Model

  17. What is the structure of an atom? • Nucleus – center of the atom • Home of Protons and Neutrons • Proton • Has a positive (+) charge • Has a relative mass of 1 • Determines the atomic number • Found inside the nucleus P

  18. What is the structure of an atom? • Neutron • Has no (0) charge • Has a relative mass of 1 • Determines the isotope • Isotopes are two of the same element with different masses • Found inside the nucleus N

  19. What is the structure of an atom? • Electron • Has a negative (-) charge • Has a relative mass of 0 (zero) • Determines the ion • Found outside the nucleus • Bohr model – electrons are in specific energy levels • Electron cloud model – electrons are in a random cloud e

  20. What is the structure of an atom? Bohr Model “Planetary Model” Schrödinger Model “Electron Cloud Model”

  21. How are P, N, e- related? • # protons = atomic number • # electrons = # protons in a neutral atom • # protons + # neutrons = atomic mass

  22. What is a chemical symbol? • Chemical symbol tells us what atom it is • Always a CAPITAL LETTER, sometimes followed by a lower case letter • Ex: Oxygen O Nitrogen N Sodium Na • *Cobalt – Co *Carbon Monoxide – CO • (Co is an element, CO is a compound)

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