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Enlightened Thinkers

Enlightened Thinkers. Montesquieu. John Locke. Voltaire Rousseau. Thomas _______. Wrote “Lev____” 1651, is his masterpiece The _______ needs to control_________. __________ power for a leader is needed

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Enlightened Thinkers

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  1. Enlightened Thinkers Montesquieu John Locke Voltaire Rousseau

  2. Thomas _______ • Wrote “Lev____” 1651, is his masterpiece • The _______ needs to control_________. • __________ power for a leader is needed • Absolute materialism; _____ was all that existed • "The life of man is nasty, brutish, and short". • Hobbes wanted a tightly ordered society, ruled by ____ and _______.

  3. John ______(1632-1704) • Two _______ on Government 1690 • __________ the divine rights of kings • _________of government—PROTECTION of NATURAL RIGHTS • Life • Liberty—free choice • Property—own property

  4. Locke • _________ can be land, _______, anything that enables you to sustain life. • Every _______ has these rights. • Unalienable Rights—you can not give them up. • No _______ or ________ can take them away—safety in numbers

  5. If government does not protect your rights or becomes corrupt prosperity _______________ security persecution _______ create societies for mutual protection—make sure we get natural rights. Right of ___________ destroy existing government Society is a human creation Create a new ___________

  6. BARON DE _________(1689-1755) • Spirit of the Law—1748 • believed that all things were made up of rules or laws that never changed. • best governments have power balanced among three groups of officials. (__________ ___ ___________) • His ideas about separation of powers became the basis for the United States _____________. • Local gov’t over ________ gov’t • "In republican governments, men are all equal; equal they are also in despotic governments: in the former, because they are everything; in the latter, because they are nothing."

  7. Jean-Jacques _______ 1712-78 • __________ ________—1763 • For Rousseau the Social Contract is the basic ____ of __________. • Liberty is obedience to the law you have accepted • The people are the source of legitimate ________. • The social contract was______between ___________ and people, but between _________ themselves. • his aim was to create a more virtuous human being. (General Will),

  8. Cesare __________ (1738-1794) • An Essay on Crimes and Punishments (1764) • He applied __________ ideals to crime and ___________. • Government & ________ should be ________ • Criminal justice system • Innocent until proven ________. • Gov’t cannot make you _______ against yourself. • Limitation of _______ and ________. • Right to a _______ trial. • Trial by a jury of __________. • ______________ should fit the crime

  9. Mary __________ • Men believed that woman needed to educated to become a better _____ and _________. • Built on Mary Astell’s idea of freedom for women and woman’s education. • Astell “If all men are born _____, how is it that all women born _______?” • Wollstonecraft encouraged women to enter male dominated fields of medicine and politics.

  10. AMERICA • Enlightened ideas determinedwho or what America would become. • Our ________ of _________& ____________ are enlighteneddocuments • The End

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