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Star Characteristics

Star Characteristics. 19.1. Star Classification. Color and Temperature – Color is a reflection of the surface temperature of stars Blue or blue-white - hottest; White; Yellow – average like our sun; Red –orange; Red - coolest B lue w hales y ell o n r ocks (order H to C)

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Star Characteristics

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  1. Star Characteristics 19.1

  2. Star Classification • Color and Temperature – Color is a reflection of the surface temperature of stars • Blue or blue-white - hottest; White; Yellow – average like our sun; Red –orange; Red - coolest • Blue whales yell on rocks (order H to C) • Size – affects brightness; Largest are brightest • Super Giant, Giant, Main sequence, dwarf (L to Sm) • Chemical composition – The spectrograph of a star shows what gases besides, Hydrogen and Helium are present

  3. Brightness • Apparent magnitude– brightness of the star as seen from Earth. Proximity or closeness affects apparent brightness • Absolute magnitude– The amount of light given off by the star and is affected by color, temperature, size, and chemical composition.

  4. Measuring distances to stars • Light year – The distance light travels in one year. ( about 9.5 trillion km ) • Parallax – apparent shift of an object when it is viewed from two different positions. • Parallax is used to measure the distance of nearby stars. Mathematical calculation • When using parallax, the further the distance the greater the apparent shift in position

  5. Hertzsprung- Russell Diagram • H-R diagram • Compares the Absolute magnitude of stars with the surface temperature of the star. • Main sequence stars make up more than 90% of all stars. They fuse H to He • Hottest stars appear towards the L and coolest are at R. • The brightest stars are near the top and the dimmest stars are near the bottom of the HR diagram • Giants and super giants fuse He to C.

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