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The CALICE Si-W ECAL - physics prototype

The CALICE Si-W ECAL - physics prototype. 2012/ Apr / 25 Tamaki Yoshioka (Kyushu University) Roman Poschl (LAL Orsay ). Introduction - SiW ECAL. The SiW Ecal in the ILD Detector. Basic requirements Extreme high granularity Compact and hermetic Basic choices

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The CALICE Si-W ECAL - physics prototype

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  1. The CALICE Si-W ECAL- physics prototype 2012/Apr/25 Tamaki Yoshioka (Kyushu University) Roman Poschl (LAL Orsay) KILC12@Daegu

  2. Introduction - SiW ECAL The SiWEcal in the ILD Detector • Basic requirements • Extreme high granularity • Compact and hermetic • Basic choices • Tungsten as absorber material • (X0=3.5mm, RM=9mm, λI=96mm) • Narrow showers • Assures compact design • Silicon as active material • Allows for pixelisation • Large signal/noise ratio SiW ECAL is designed as particle flow calorimeter KILC12@Daegu

  3. The CALICE Collaboration Calorimeter R&D for a future linear collider ~330 physicists/engineers from 57 institutes and 17 countries from 4 continents - Integrated R&D effort - Benefit/Accelerate detector development due to commonapproach KILC12@Daegu

  4. Scint. Strips-Fe TCMT Si-W ECAL Scint. Tiles-Fe AHCAL E. Garutti The CALICE Mission Imaging Calorimeter Final Goal: Ahighly granular calorimeter optimized for the Particle Flow measurement of multi-jets final state at the International Linear Collider • Intermediate task: • Build prototype calorimeters to • Establish the technology • Collect hadronic showers data with unprecedented granularity to • Tune clustering algorithms • Validate existing MC models KILC12@Daegu

  5. SiW ECAL Physics Prototype • Absorber layers • 30 layers of tungsten: • 10 x 1.4 mm (0.4X0) • 10 x 2.4 mm (0.8X0) • 10 x 4.2 mm (1.2X0) • 24X0 in total, 1 λI • Active layers • Silicon Pad: • 6x6 PIN diode matrix Shielding PCB 62 mm Thickness: 525µm Tungsten: H structure 62 mm Front End electronics zone Total: 9720 Pixels/Channels KILC12@Daegu Silicon wafer

  6. KILC12@Daegu Test Beam w/ Phys. Proto. • 2006, ECAL 2/3 equipped • Low energy electrons (1-6 GeV at DESY), high energy elecrons (6-50 GeV at CERN) • 2007, ECAL nearly completely equipped • High energy pions (6-120 GeV at CERN), Tests of embedded electronics • 2008 FNAL, ECAL completely equipped • Pions at small energy Two electrons Experimental setup Particle distance = 5 cm No confusion!! Zoom into ECAL

  7. KILC12@Daegu Particle Separation High granularity allows for application of advanced imaging processing techniques e.g. Hough transformation Events recorded in test beam Secondary muon within electron shower Twopionsentering the SiWEcal

  8. KILC12@Daegu Efficiency of Particle Separation 1 1 Detection efficiency Detection efficiency 10 MIP Hits 20 MIP Hits 30 MIP Hits Fraction of common cells Distance MIP shower axis [mm] Efficiency ~ 100% for up to 50% shared hits Full separation for distances > 2.5cm

  9. KILC12@Daegu HadronicShowers in the SiW ECAL Simple but nice Easy at high energies Scattered Pion Initial Pion Interaction Ejected Nucleon Outgoing Fragments Inelastic reaction in SiW ECAL FireBall event Short truncated showers pointlikeevent High granularity permits detailed view into hadronic shower

  10. KILC12@Daegu Hadronic models in Geant4 Variety of models available to describe hadronic showers Discriminative power by high granularity !? A. Dotti (G4 Collaboration): “Rough granularity of LHC calorimeters limits possibilities”, “CALICE is the perfect tool”

  11. KILC12@Daegu Finding the interaction point Complex and impressive Difficult at small energies Scattered Pion Initial Pion Interaction Ejected Nucleon Outgoing Fragments Check for relative increase of energy in consecutive layers Check for absolute increase of energy in consecutive layers Efficiency: 84% for 10 GeVand 64% for 2 GeV

  12. KILC12@Daegu Event Types and Rates Explore and understand of what we can “see” with the SiW ECAL Events with found hadronic interaction Events w/o found hadronic interaction Cross section of underlying scattering processes well modeled by GEANT4 Decomposition of interactions demonstrate sensitivity to details of interactions

  13. KILC12@Daegu Transverse Profiles (low energies) arb. units 2 MC/Data 0 100 0 100 0 100 • MC overshoots data • for large radii at all energies • Relatively better description • at higher energies • 2-10 GeV • QGSP_BERT 0 100 0 100 Shower width/mm

  14. KILC12@Daegu Transverse Profiles(High energies) JINST 5 2010 P05007 Data compared with QGSP_BERT Data compared with QGSP_BERT Transverse profiles Rhit/mm Rhit/mm <Rhit>/mm Shower radius Ebeam/GeV Small energy OK for “BERT” models Towards high energy : Underestimation of content in SiW ECAL

  15. KILC12@Daegu Longitudinal Profiles Pi @ 2GeV Inelastic reactions • BERT gets tails about right • Models have different approaches for shower composition No satisfactory description of longitudinal shower profile

  16. KILC12@Daegu Longitudinal Profiles Pi @ 8GeV Inelastic reactions • Again tails about right • Models have different approaches for shower composition No satisfactory description of longitudinal shower profile

  17. KILC12@Daegu Energy Deposition in different ECAL Depths Layer 1-3: Nuclear breakup Layer 5-20: elm. component Layer 30-50: Shower hadrons

  18. KILC12@Daegu Details of Pointlike Events Recognition of these events is result of large granularity Pi @ 2GeV Pointlike events are relatively well modeled by QGSP_BERT

  19. KILC12@Daegu Summary • Successful R&D for a highly granular electromagnetic calorimeter • Detector concept is built on Particle Flow • Physics Prototype (2005-2011) • Energy resolution ~17%/√E • Signal to Noise Ratio ~8/1 • Stable calibration • Capacity of separating particles impressively demonstrated by test beam analysis • Unprecedented realistic views into hadronic showers thanks to high granularity • Technological Prototype(2010-…) • Next talk by Roman

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