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Safety Standards Series Hierarchy

Peer Review Service on Safe Long Term Operation (SALTO) IAEA Safety Standards and other reference documents for LTO and ageing management. Safety Standards Series Hierarchy. Objectives, concepts, principles. Fundamentals. Requirements that must be met (“shall”). Requirements.

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Safety Standards Series Hierarchy

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  1. Peer Review Service on Safe Long Term Operation (SALTO)IAEA Safety Standardsand other reference documentsfor LTO and ageing management

  2. Safety Standards Series Hierarchy Objectives, concepts, principles Fundamentals Requirements that must be met (“shall”) Requirements Recommendations (“should”) Guides SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  3. Safety Standards Series SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2 • Safety Fundamentals: • Present basic objectives, concepts and principlesof safety and protection • Safety Requirements: • Establish requirements what needs to be done (‘shall’ statements) to meet objectives and principles in Safety Fundamentals • Safety Guides: • Recommended ways (‘should’ statements’) on how to meet Safety Requirements

  4. Overall Structure SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  5. LTO and AM related IAEA guidance GSR part 2 Leadership and Management for Safety SSR-2/1 Safety of NPPs: Design SSR-2/2 Safety of NPPs: Commissioning and Operation SAFETY REQUIREMENTS Safety Guides SSG-48AgeingManagement and LTO Other important Safety Guides: GS-G-3.1 Application of Management System… NS-G-2.3 Modifications to NPPs NS-G-2.6 Maintenance, Surveillance and ISI SSG-13 Chemistry Programme… Etc. SSG-25 PSR Safety REPORTS New SRS Scoping Other important guidelines: Component specific AM guidelines Programmatic AM guidelines Guidelines on integrity of RPV & effective life management Guidelines on PSR, CM, DBDR SRS 82 IGALL SS 26 SALTO Guidelines SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  6. IAEA Safety Standards for LTO Ageing Non-physical ageing (obsolescence) Physical ageing SSG-48 Guidance on AM and LTO Obsolescence of technology Obsolescence of codes, standards and regulations Obsolescence of knowledge SSG-25 Guidance on PSR SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  7. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 14: Design basis for items important to safety The design basis for items important to safety shall specify the necessary capability, reliability and functionality for the relevant operational states, for accident conditions and for conditions arising from internal and external hazards, to meet the specific acceptance criteria over the lifetime of the nuclear power plant. 5.3. The design basis for each item important to safety shall be systematically justified and documented. The documentation shall provide the necessary information for the operating organization to operate the plant safely. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  8. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 14 • Used as reference in issues: 5.3: 4 • Example use • DB documentation is not complete or not accessible or not updated for LTO • Scope of TLAAs is not complete SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  9. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 15: Design limits A set of design limits consistent with the key physical parameters for each item important to safety for the nuclear power plant shall be specified for all operational states and for accident conditions. 5.4. The design limits shall be specified and shall be consistent with relevant national and international standards and codes, as well as with relevant regulatory requirements. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  10. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 15 • Used as reference in issues: 1 • Example use • Incomplete design basis documentation SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  11. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 29: Calibration, testing, maintenance, repair, replacement, inspection and monitoring of items important to safety. Items important to safety for a nuclear power plant shall be designed to be calibrated, tested, maintained, repaired or replaced, inspected and monitored as required to ensure their capability of performing their functions and to maintain their integrity in all conditions specified in their design basis. 5.45. The plant layout shall… 5.46. Where items important… 5.47. If an item important to… SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  12. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 29: • Used as reference in issues • 5.45 and 5.46: 0 • 5.47: 1 • Example use • 5.47: Tendon surveillance programme has not demonstrated that tendons can maintain their design function during LTO SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  13. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 30: Qualification of items important to safety A qualification programme for items important to safety shall be implemented to verify that items important to safety at a nuclear power plant are capable of performing their intended functions when necessary, and in the prevailing environmental conditions, throughout their design life, with due account taken of plant conditions during maintenance and testing. 5.48. The environmental conditions…. 5.49. The qualification programme… 5.50. Any environmental conditions… SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  14. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 30: • Used as reference in issues • 5.48 and 5.50: 0 • 5.49: 1 • Example use • 5.49: Validity of environmental qualification of some equipment is not adequately controlled SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  15. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 31: Ageing management The design life of items important to safety at a nuclear power plant shall be determined. Appropriate margins shall be provided in the design to take due account of relevant mechanisms of ageing, neutron embrittlement and wear out and of the potential for age related degradation, to ensure the capability of items important to safety to perform their necessary safety functions throughout their design life. 5.51. The design for a nuclear power plant shall take due account of ageing and wear out effects in all operational states for which a component is credited, including testing, maintenance, maintenance outages, plant states during a postulated initiating event and plant states following a postulated initiating event. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  16. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 31: Ageing management 5.52. Provision shall be made for monitoring, testing, sampling and inspection to assess ageing mechanisms predicted at the design stage and to help identify unanticipated behaviour of the plant or degradation that might occur in service. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  17. Requirements on NPP designSSR-2/1 Requirement 31: Ageing management • Used as reference in issues: 0 SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  18. Requirements on NPP operation SSR-2/2 Requirement 10: Control of plant configuration The operating organization shall establish and implement a system for plant configuration management to ensure consistency between design requirements, physical configuration and plant documentation. 4.38. Controls on plant configuration shall ensure… that changes are: • identified, • screened, • designed, • evaluated, • implemented, and • recorded. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  19. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 10: Control of plant configuration • Used as reference in issues: 7 • Example use • The process of the modifications documentation is not properly carried out. • Process to assure data consistency between DB documents is not clearly defined. • The responsibilities and functions of the design authority are not fully implemented. • Process to ensure data consistency between DBs and data completeness is not defined. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  20. Requirements on NPP operation SSR-2/2 Requirement 11: Management of modifications The operating organization shall establish and implement a programme to manage modifications. 4.39. A modification programme shall ….ensure that modifications are • identified, specified, screened,designed, evaluated, authorized,implemented and recorded 4.40-43: Modification control… SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  21. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 11: Management of modifications • Used as reference in issues: 3 • Example use • Accessibility, completeness and archive system for DB and as-built documentation is not appropriate for LTO • Responsibilities and functions of the design authority are not fully implemented. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  22. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 12: Periodic safety review Systematic safety assessments of the plant, …, shall be performed by the operating organization …, with due account taken of operating experience and significant new safety related information from all relevant sources. 4.44. Safety reviews shall address the consequences of the cumulative effects of: • plant ageing and plant modification, • equipment requalification, operating experience, • current standards, technical developments, • organizational and management issues, as well as siting aspects. • 4.45-4.47: The operating organization… SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  23. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 12: Periodic safety review • Used as reference in issues: 6 • Example use • PSR is not along with IAEA Safety Guide on PSR. • Incorporating external operating experience for LTO is not effective. • Not all PSR safety factors are fully evaluated. • PSR is not comprehensive. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  24. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 13: Equipment qualification The operating organization shall ensure that a systematic assessment is carried out to provide reliable confirmation that safety related items are capable of the required performance for all operational states and for accident conditions. 4.48. Appropriate concepts and the scope and process of equipment qualification shall be established, and effective and practicable methods shall be used to upgrade and preserve equipment qualification. A programme to establish, to confirm and to maintain required equipment qualification shall be launched from the initial phases of design, supply and installation of the equipment. The effectiveness of equipment qualification programmes shall be periodically reviewed. 4.49. The scope and details… SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  25. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 13: Equipment qualification • Used as reference in issues: 13 • Example use • Plant has not developed and implemented a comprehensive EQ programme. • Inadequate demonstration that mechanical EQ remains valid for LTO. • No temperature monitoring programme • Established EQ programme does not include all necessary elements. • Validity of EQ of some equipment is not adequately controlled. • A comprehensive EQ programme has not been rigorously implemented. • EQ of some safety related cables is not finalized. • Qualified status of SSCs is not sufficiently demonstrated SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  26. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 14: Ageing management The operating organization shall ensure that an effective ageing management programme is implemented to ensure that required safety functions of systems, structures and components are fulfilled over the entire operating lifetime of the plant. 4.50. The ageing management programme shall determine the consequences of ageing and the activities necessary to maintain the operability and reliability of structures, systems and components. The ageing management programme shall be coordinated with, and be consistent with, other relevant programmes, including the programme for periodic safety review. A systematic approach shall be taken to provide for the development, implementation and continuous improvement of ageing management programmes. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  27. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 14: Ageing management 4.51. Long term effects arising from operational and environmental conditions (i.e. temperature conditions, radiation conditions, corrosion effects or other degradations in the plant that may affect the long term reliability of plant equipment or structures) shall be evaluated and assessed as part of the ageing management programme. Account shall be taken in the programme of the safety relevance of structures, systems and components. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  28. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 14: Ageing management • Used as reference in issues: 50 • Example use • AMPs do not address all IAEA attributes • Plant programmes have not been evaluated for their effectiveness according 9 attributes • Roles and responsibilities, necessary administrative and technical provisions to implement AMP for plant civil structures are not fully established • Trend monitoring of ageing management programme results does not fully meet the needs for safe LTO. • FSAR not fully updated regarding ageing management for LTO period • Plant programmes relevant to AM and LTO, i.e. maintenance, ISI and surveillance are not adequately coordinated with AM and LTO SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  29. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 14: Ageing management • Example use (cont.) • Organizational arrangement for improvement of ageing management at the plant after LR evaluation is not adequate. • Existing plant programmes relevant for LTO are not adequately enhanced for LTO. • The ageing management review and ageing management programmes for mechanical components are incomplete. • Not all criteria and time limited ageing assumptions necessary for performing a comprehensive ageing management review of electrical and I&C equipment for the period of LTO have been established. • Interface among plant programmes and ageing management is not well defined • Cable AMP is not fully implemented for medium-voltage cables and manuals are not completed for low-voltage cables and I&C cables. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  30. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2 Requirement 14: Ageing management • Example use (cont.) • AMR and AMPs for some mechanical components are not completed • Not all degradation mechanisms and ageing effects of civil structures in LTO scope are thoroughly addressed and recorded. • Some equipment anchorages have not been considered in the ageing management of the plant for LTO • AMR for mechanical components has not covered the LTO period • Some relevant safety related structures are not considered in the scope of ageing management programme for LTO • Plant activities in AM of chloride induced degradation of civil structures do not cover all civil structures and their effectiveness is not reviewed and demonstrated • Incomplete identification of degradation mechanisms in AMR for electrical and I&C equipment

  31. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 15: Records and reports The operating organization shall establish and maintain a system for the control of records and reports. 4.52. The operating organization shall… • Identify types • Retain and keep available • … SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  32. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 15: Records and reports • Used as reference in issues: 3 • Example use • Incomplete or inconsistent DB for LTO • Stand-alone, inconsistent or incomplete databases SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  33. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 16: Programme for long term operation Where applicable, the operating organization shall establish and implement a comprehensive programme for ensuring the long term safe operation of the plant beyond a time-frame established in the licence conditions, design limits, safety standards and/or regulations. 4.53. The justification for long term operation shall be prepared on the basis of the results of a safety assessment, with due consideration of the ageing of structures, systems and components. The justification for long term operation shall utilize the results of periodic safety review and shall be submitted to the regulatory body, as required, for approval on the basis of an analysis of the ageing management programme, to ensure the safety of the plant throughout its extended operating lifetime. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  34. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 16: Programme for long term operation 4.54. The comprehensive programme for long term operation shall address: (a) Preconditions (including the current licensing basis, safety upgrading and verification, and operational programmes); (b) Setting the scope for all structures, systems and components important to safety; (c) Categorization of structures, systems and components with regard to degradation and ageing processes; (d) Revalidation of safety analyses made on the basis of time limited assumptions; (e) Review of ageing management programmes in accordance with national regulations; (f) The implementation programme for long term operation. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  35. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 16: Programme for long term operation • Used as reference in issues: 81 • Example use • Clear and consistent process to demonstrate preparedness for safe LTO is not in place. • Lack of organizational structures, staffing dispositions and management system documents for managing LTO • The methodology to assess active components for LTO has not been finalized and implemented • Plant arrangements are at a very early stage and a lack of sufficient emphasis is endangering timely implementation of the LTO programme. • The plant initiated activities on LTO but did not develop overall framework documents on the LTO project and on the plant policy. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  36. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 16: Programme for long term operation • Example use (cont.) • Preparation of the scoping and screening process for the LTO evaluation is at the very beginning stage • Clear rules, methodology and walk-down plans to identify non-safety SCs within the LTO scope have not been established. • Civil structures have not been defined at the component level or as commodity groups. • There is no complete and consistent set of requirements related to LTO. • The process for incorporating external operating experience consideration for LTO is not effective. • The emphasis of the plant approach for LTO is limited to the 10 year licensing period rather than the full intended period of LTO. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  37. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 Requirement 16: Programme for long term operation • Example use (cont.) • Some relevant data being gathered from existing plant activities is not being communicated to, and addressed in, ageing management programmes relevant to LTO. • The ageing management review is not properly supported by a condition assessment of all in-scope SCs. • The process to identify all potential degradation mechanisms and ageing effects of SSCs in LTO scope has not been defined. • TLAA revalidations have not been completed for the period of LTO. • The plant documents developed to provide requirements and guidance on AM and LTO are not comprehensive. • Methodology for scoping and screening is not appropriately defined and documented and a part of the safety relevant SCs is screened out of the LTO assessment without clearly documented criteria. SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  38. Requirements on NPP operationSSR-2/2 SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2 Requirement 16: Programme for long term operation • Example use (cont.) • The ageing management review and ageing management programmes for mechanical SSCs are not comprehensive. • Design basis documentation is not completely accessible and updated to support LTO. • Methodology and guidance for the scoping and screening are not sufficiently detailed to ensure consistent identification of SSCs for LTO • Current approach for identification and revalidation of TLAAs for mechanical components is not comprehensive to support LTO • Existing documentation does not cover all aspects of preparation for safe LTO. • The plant’s arrangements for scoping and screening of electrical and I&C components do not ensure that ageing management of all relevant components is sufficiently rigorous

  39. Main IAEA Safety Guides and Reports SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2 Developed Safety Long Term Operation Approach and Guidelines Safety Guide: SSG-48, Ageing Management and LTO for NPPs (2018) Safety Report: SRS-82, Intern. Generic Ageing Lessons Learned (2015) Safety Series: SS-26, SALTO Guidelines for Peer Review of LTO (2014)

  40. Safety Guide on AM and LTO • Provide comprehensive guidance on recommended ways of fulfillment of SSR-2/2 • Requirement 14: Ageing management • Requirement 16: Programme for long term operation • Mainly focused on physical ageing but also includes management of technological obsolescence. • Published in December 2018

  41. Safety Guide SSG-48 contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2. BASIC CONCEPTS AGEING MANAGEMENT OBSOLESCENCE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME FOR LONG TERM OPERATION 3. AGEING MANAGEMENT THROUGHOUT THE PLANTLIFE DESIGN FABRICATION AND CONSTRUCTION COMMISSIONING OPERATION LONG TERM OPERATION SUSPENDED OPERATION DECOMMISSIONING 4. RELEVANT PLANT DOCUMENTATION AND PROGRAMMES SAFETY ANALYSIS REPORT AND OTHER CURRENT LICENSING BASIS DOCUMENTS CONFIGURATION/MODIFICATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME INCLUDING DESIGN BASIS DOCUMENTATION PLANT PROGRAMMES

  42. Safety Guide SSG-48 contents 5. MANAGEMENT OF AGEING ORGANIZATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS DATA COLLECTION AND RECORD KEEPING SCOPE SETTING OF SYSTEMS, STRUCTURES AND COMPONENTS AGEING MANAGEMENT REVIEW AGEING MANAGEMENT PROGRAMMES TIME LIMITED AGEING ANALYSES DOCUMENTATION OF AGEING MANAGEMENT 6. MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL OBSOLESCENCE 7. PROGRAMME FOR LONG TERM OPERATION ORGANIZATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS PRINCIPLES AND APPROACH TO LTO DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAMME FOR LTO SCOPE SETTING OF SYSTEMS, STRUCTURES AND COMPONENTS FOR LTO AGEING MANAGEMENT REVIEW FOR LTO REVIEW OF PLANT PROGRAMMES AND AMPS FOR LTO REVALIDATION OF TIME LIMITED AGEING ANALYSES LTO DOCUMENTATION REGULATORY REVIEW AND APPROVAL IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMME FOR LTO

  43. Introduction of SSG-48 1.3. Ageing management is most effective when it is properly carried out at all stages of the lifetime of a nuclear power plant. 1.4. Effective ageing management of SSCs is a key element of the safe and reliable operation of nuclear power plants. In order to assist its Member States in managing ageing effectively, the IAEA has developed a programme on International Generic Ageing Lessons Learned (IGALL)...

  44. Basic Concepts 2.5. Evaluation of the consequences of the cumulative effects of both ageing and obsolescence on the safety of a nuclear power plant is a continuous process and is required to be assessed in a periodic safety review or an equivalent safety assessment under alternative arrangements. 2.6. Effective ageing management • Requires systematic approach to managing effects of ageing • Provides a framework for coordinating all activities to understand, prevent, detect, monitor and mitigate • PLAN–DO–CHECK–ACT approach

  45. Basic Concepts 2.7. Understanding ageing of SSCs is the key to effective AM: • CLB (including regulatory requirements, codes and standards) • Safety functions and other intended functions of the SSC • Design and fabrication processes • Equipment qualification • Environment during any delayed construction • Actual environmental characteristics during operation and shutdown conditions • Operation, irradiation and maintenance history • Operating experience • Relevant research results • Data and data trends from condition monitoring, inspection and maintenance

  46. Scope setting for SSCs SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2 The SSCs within the scope of AM and LTO are: (a) SSCs important to safety; (b) SSCs whose failure may prevent SSCs important to safety from fulfilling their intended functions; (c) SSCs that are credited in the safety analyses (deterministic and probabilistic) as performing the function of coping with certain types of events such as: (i) Internal fires and flooding; (ii) External hazards, e.g. extreme weather conditions, earthquake, tsunami, external flooding, tornado and external fire; (iii) Specific regulated events, e.g. pressurized thermal shock, anticipated transient without scram and station blackout; (iv) Design extension conditions or severe accidents.

  47. Scope settingfor AM (and evaluation for LTO) SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  48. Process for identifying programmes to manage the ageing of SCs SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2

  49. Ageing management review SALTO Peer Review Service Team Briefing and Training 2 AMR consists of the following steps: (a) Assessment of the current condition of the structure or component; (b) Identification of ageing effects and degradation mechanisms based on fundamental knowledge for understanding ageing; (c) Identification of the appropriate programme for ageing management; (d) Reporting on the ageing management review.

  50. Effectiveness of AMPs ORGANIZATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 5.3 An authorized organizational entity (e.g. an ageing management unit, manager or task force) should be assigned responsibilities for ageing management…Interdisciplinary ageing management teams consisting of members of different units of the plant and external experts may be established if necessary,… 5.4 The responsibilities of the ageing management entity should include: • …. • Systematic monitoring of relevant operating experience and research and development results, and evaluation of their applicability to the nuclear power plant; • Direction of interdisciplinary ageing management teams for managing complex ageing issues; • Assessment and optimization of ageing management programmes; • Performance of periodic self-assessments; • Improvement of activities relating to ageing management.

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