Environmental Science – Tuesday, Catalyst 12/3/13

1. Environmental Science – Tuesday, Catalyst 12/3/13 1. Visit the class website (http://aofscience.weebly.com) and scroll until you see “CATALYSTS!” 2. Answer the questions and click “Submit” when you are done. (You should see: “your response has been recorded.” after you hit submit.) QUESTION(s): Look at a person near you with a laptop to view the questions. * If you do not have a laptop for whatever reason, grab a Catalyst sheet in the back and answer it on the paper.

2. Agenda 12/3/13 • Catalyst • Announcements • Read pages 126 – 132. Outline for extra credit. • You MUST be familiar with all the Chapter 5 vocabulary terms in the book. Start creating your vocabulary booklet using Chapter 5 Lesson 1 terms. (I will check these next week.) • Mutation Virtual Lab • Exit Slip/or End of Class Discussion

3. Objectives 12/2/13 We will be able to • Describe the role and structure of DNA. • Explain the role of mutation in biological evolution. • Explainhow biological evolution and natural selection occur. 

4. Gpoints P6: 2 (on time, asked interesting questions) P10: 1 (on time) Your class can earn class points if: everyonein class: • Comes to class quietly and on time • Stays focused and on task during class • Leaves classroom neat and organized • Students are teaching other students • Majority of class participates • Follows all classroom expectations and procedures • And more…

5. Mutation and Natural Selection Virtual Lab • Open link posted on Edmodo. • Follow directions on the left. • Fill in the table you were given yesterday. • Click on the “Journal” icon at the bottom left corner. • Answer the questions in an email and send me your responses by the end of the period.

6. Bird Beak Natural Selection Simulation • Go to class website: http://aofscience.weebly.com • Navigate to Chapter 5. Scroll down to “Packets and Handouts” • Open the file “Bird natural selection lab.docx” • Answer the pre-lab questions. • Move to your assigned groups (will be posted on next slide). NO, YOU MAY NOT SWITCH GROUPS.

7. Group Assignments

8. Large Ground Finch

12. Bird Beak Natural Selection SimulationProcedure • 1. Pick tool. • 2. Grab “food” • 3. Count food. • 4. Repeat 2 more times. • 5. Repeat with other type of “food.” • 6. Repeat 2 more times. • 7. Repeat with another tool.

13. Basics of DNA

14. DNA(Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

15. Genetic material of cells… • GENES – units of genetic material that CODES FOR A SPECIFIC TRAIT • Called NUCLEIC ACIDS • DNA is made up of repeating molecules called NUCLEOTIDES

16. 5 O 3 3 O P P 5 5 C O G 1 3 2 4 4 2 1 3 5 O P P T A 3 5 O O 5 P P 3 DNA Double Helix

17. A or G T or C Nitrogenous Bases • PURINES 1. Adenine (A) 2. Guanine (G) • PYRIMIDINES 3. Thymine (T) 4. Cytosine (C)

18. H-bonds G C A T BASE-PAIRINGS

19. Genetic Diversity… • Different arrangements of NUCLEOTIDES in a nucleic acid (DNA) provides the key to DIVERSITY among living organisms.

20. The Code of Life… • The “code” of the chromosome is the SPECIFIC ORDER that bases occur. A T C G T A T G C G G…

21. Note on Evolution • Evolution is a controversial topic. I, of course, respect and acknowledge the diverse beliefs in this classroom. The objective for the next few lessons is NOT to make you accept the theory of evolution. The goal is to understand what scientists around the world have agreed upon and the evidence they use to support this theory.

23. A Form of Evolution… • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKYz4KNpolw

24. What can you tell about this organism’s environment simply by its physical features? Naked Mole Rat

25. Mutation Virtual Lab • Go on Edmodo and click on the link. • Read the instructions on the left side of the page. TAKE NOTES. • Follow the procedures and complete the data table provided.

26. Summary of Darwin’s Theory 1. Organisms differ; variation is inherited 2. Organisms produce more offspring than survive 3. Organisms compete for resources 4. Organisms with advantages survive to pass those advantages to their children 5. Species alive today are descended with modifications from common ancestors

27. How does evolution actually happen?

28. Evolution and Natural Selection • Gene: A sequence of DNA that codes for a particular trait • Gene pool: All the genes present in a population • Biological evolution: The change in a population’s gene pool over time A starting population of fish. Genes control the color and pattern of the fish’s scales.

29. Mutations • Changes in DNA • Gives rise to variation among individuals • May be passed onto the next generation of offspring if mutation occurs in egg cell or sperm cell

30. Migrations • _Immigration or emigrationcan cause a change in a population’s gene pool. This process is called genetic drift.

31. Genetic Drift • Caused by an unusual event • Kills or somehow separates all except a few individuals in a population • Happens by chance

32. How might Genetic Drift happen? • Caused by an unusual event • Kills or somehow separates all except a few individuals in a population

33. Natural Selection • Traits that increases an organism’s chances for survival and reproduction are passed on more frequently to future generations.

34. Conditions of Natural Selection (1) Organisms produce more offspring than can survive. (2) Individuals vary in characteristics, some of which are heritable. (3) Individuals vary in fitness, or reproductive success.

35. Describe the environment.

36. Describe the environment.

37. Describe the environment.

38. Describe the environment.

39. Why is it important for organisms to be well-suited for its environment?

41. Flipped Classroom Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQWvc6qhTds

42. Why is this happening? -To better accommodate for the different learning styles of each student in this class -To use class time more efficiently -To allow you to work at your own pace -To avoid listening to me talk -To develop practical skills you can use in the real-world, college, and beyond***

43. New Expectations • You MUST do your homework. Failure to do your homework will result in point deductions. I also will not help you unless you’ve already watched the video before class. a. Watching the video at home or during your free time and taking notes in notebook. Notes will be graded. • Use class time efficiently. • Still responsible for completing the assignments/projects by the specified deadlines. • All other classroom policies are still in effect. • Be respectful at all times (no putting others down if they are not working as fast as you are).

44. What You’re Going to Do 1. Watch a video by Sal from Khan Academy (or another YouTube Video) at home or during your free period. You can access these videos by going to www.khanacademy.org. (YouTube helps, too!) 2. Take notes while you’re watching the video 3. Come to class everyday prepared with notes, textbook, packet, pen/and pencil.

45. How to Take Notes Use your reinforcement notebook or binder. Write the title of each topic on top. • Create a t-chart 2. Write what he writes on one side and write what he says on the other. (DO NOT write what he says word for word! SUMMARIZE!) 3. Pause and rewind as necessary. 4. Highlight sections that you find confusing. 5. At the end of each topic, summarize the skills you’ve learned.