AVOIDED CO 2 EMISSION IN CO-FIRING

1. AVOIDED CO2 EMISSION IN CO-FIRING Marek Sciazko Ph.D. Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal (IChPW) 1 Zamkowa Str., 41-803 Zabrze, Poland tel.: + 48 (32) 271-00-41, fax.: + 48 (32) 271-08-09 office@ichpw.zabrze.pl

2. EXELLENCE CENTRE CONBIOT PYROLYSIS, GASIFICATION AND COMBUSTION OF BIOMASS AND WASTES • accredited laboratory • pilot tests • industrial tests • technical co-operation • audits and designing • feasibility studies Partners: 17 R&D Centres

3. Fossil fuels - sources of CO2 Fossil fuel - still the most important energy source with almost no other alternative. It is the major source for greenhouse gases that are assumed to cause global warming. The overall efficiency of a power plant is significantly reduced if CO2 is captured from flue gas.

4. CO2 reducing options • Decreasing of carbon loaded fuel consumption by increasing the conversion efficiency • Switching to lower carbon content fuels • e.g. natural gas instead of coal. • Replacing coal with neutral CO2 emissions sources, such as renewable energy derived from biomass.

5. Current legal status of co-firing in Poland Ordinance Concerning the Detailed Scope of Obligatory Purchase of Renewable Energy and Electricity Produced in Co-generation 30th May, 2003 Ministry of Economy and Labour Ordinance Concerning the Detailed Scope of Obligatory Purchase of Renewable Energy ? (expected time: 1st January 2005) (draft) Ministry of Economy and Labour CONBIOT Center was consulting this Ordinance !

6. What’s new in the new Ordinance? • detailed regulations concerning the analytical procedures • for biomass properties (e.g. LHV, moisture content) • evaluation, • detailed regulations concerning biomass sampling • procedures and measuring equipment, • the requirement of preparing so-called • “certification documentation” for biomass co-firing plants, • this documentation is handed to Energy Regulatory Office • when applying for “green” energy (electricity or heat) • selling possibility, • Avoided CO2 emission procedures

7. ICPC/CONBIOT role in co-firing sector • 12 completed certification documentations for Polish heat & power producers: • Połaniec Power Plant - Electrabel • Opole Power Plant • Southern Energy Concern (Siersza, Laziska and Jaworzno) • Stalowa Wola Power Plants • Dolna Odra Group of Power Plants (Szczecin, Dolna Odra) • Ostrołęka CHP Plant, ... • LABIOMEN - national network of supervised laboratories • Institute developed own procedures for biomass and biomass/coal fuel blends - accredited in PCA

8. Co-firing avoided emission - case study for Poland • Declared amount of “green electricity” for selected Polish power producers )* : • Eren= 860 000 MWh • Such electricity production in a condensing power plant with 37% efficiency needs chemical energy equivalent to: • Ech= 8 360 TJ • This gives an avoided emission of CO2: • (subbituminous coal; WE=96 tCO2/TJ, WU=0,98) • EmAV=787 000 tCO2/a Equivalent to ca. 8 mln USD next year )* basing on calculations included in individual certification documentation.

9. Conclusions • biomass co-firing is an effective way of reducing • CO2 emission, • unlike the methods of sequestration, it does not require • significant R&D works and demonstration periods, • CO2 emission trade can be a way of obtaining an • additional income for energy producers applying co-firing, • reliable system enabling the calculation of “green energy” • calculation and the calculation of C02 avoided emission • requires a certified installation and procedures.

10. Co-operation proposal • Technical monitoring of co-firing impact on boiler performance • Procedures and measurements equipment for on-line moisture control in biomass • Certification procedures for co-firing • Analytical procedures for biomass, industrial and agriculture derived by-products