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Good morning

Good morning. Good morning. Nasal cavity. Introduction. Primarily meant for olfaction Respiration Acts as air conditioning chamber by adding humidity and temperature to inspired air Filtering foreign particles by the coarse hairs of vestibule.

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  1. Good morning Good morning

  2. Nasal cavity

  3. Introduction • Primarily meant for olfaction • Respiration • Acts as air conditioning chamber by adding humidity and temperature to inspired air • Filtering foreign particles by the coarse hairs of vestibule. • Elimination of secretions from paranasal sinuses and nasolacrimal ducts

  4. Nose Divided into two regions : • The external nose • The internal nasal cavity

  5. External Nose: • Pyramidal projection on the face. • Presents – • a free tip/apex. • Root at its junction with forehead. • Dorsum – from apex to the root • Skeletal framework that is partly bony and partly cartilaginous

  6. Upper part –bones as follows: Nasal, frontal process of maxilla and nasal notch of frontal bone. • Lower part – cartilages: • Anterior border of septal cartilage. • Upper lateral nasal cartilage –continuous with septal cartilage. • Alar cartilage • Minor alar cartilages • Fibro fatty tissue.

  7. Blood supply : • Dorsal nasal branch of ophthalmic artery • Alar & septal branches of facial artery • Infraorbital branch of maxillary artery • Nerve supply : • External nasal & infratrochlear branches of ophthalmic nerve. • Infraorbital branch of maxillary nerve.

  8. Nasal cavity • Introduction: • Extends from external nares /nostrils on the face to posterior nasal aperture/choanae in the nasopharynx • Divided into two equal halves by nasal septum. • Has a • roof • floor • medial wall • Lateral wall.

  9. Nasal cavity

  10. Roof: • Anterior Slope: frontal and nasal bones, nasal cartilages. • Middle Horizontal: Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone • Posterior slope: anterior and Inferior surface of body of the sphenoid bone.

  11. Floor: 7.5cm long, 1.5cm wide Formed by: Upper surface of hard palate : • Palatine process of the maxilla • Horizontal plate of the palatine. • The naris opens anteriorly into the floor.

  12. Medial Wall/Nasal Septum: • oriented vertically in median sagittal plane and separates right and left nasal cavities. • Osseocartilagenous • Covered by mucous membrane. 3 parts: • Bony • Cartilaginous • Cuticular

  13. Bony part: • Vomer • Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid • Nasal spine of the frontal bone, rostrum of the sphenoid and nasal crest of the nasal bone.

  14. Cartilagenous Part: • Septal Cartilage • Septal process of the inferior nasal(alar) cartilage. • Occasionally Vomero-nasal cartilage • Cuticular part/ vestibule: • Fibro fatty tissue covered by skin. • Mobile • Lower margin is called columnella.

  15. Arterial Supply: • Anterior ethmoidal artery. • Posterior ethmoidal artery. • Superior labial branch of facial artery. • Greater palatine artery branch of maxillary artery. • Sphenopalatine artery.

  16. Kiesselbach’s /little’s area of epistaxis. • Highly vascular area at the anteroinferior part –anastomosis of following arteries arteries – Septal branches of 1.Anterior ethmoidal, 2.sphenopalatine, 3.greater palatine and 4.superior labial arteries • small ulcer-profuse arterial haemorrhage.

  17. Venous drainage: A sub mucosal plexus of veins which drains into the • facial vein, • pterygoid venous plexus and • ophthalmic vein. • Dangerous area of the face – anteroinferior part-facial vein-deep facial vein-Cavernous sinus

  18. Lymphatic Drainage: • Anterior Half: Submandibular nodes. • Posterior Half: Retropharyngeal and deep cervical nodes.

  19. Nerve Supply: • General Sensory nerves • Anterosuperior part: Internal nasal branch of the ethmoidal nerve. • Anteroinferior part: Anterior superior alveolar nerve • Posterosuperior part: posterior superiormedial nasal branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion. • Posteroinferior part: Nasopalatine branch of the pterygopalatine ganglion. • Special sensory Nerves/ Olfactory nerves to the olfactory area

  20. Clinical anatomy • Deviated nasal septum

  21. Little’s area/keisselbach’s plexus

  22. Dangerous area of face

  23. Thank you

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