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Impact of Large-Scale PV Penetration on Power System Voltage and Angle Stability

Impact of Large-Scale PV Penetration on Power System Voltage and Angle Stability. Caleb Walker and Alex Chan July 18, 2013 Knoxville, TN. Overview. Power system basics Solar power (CSP and PV) Our project. Our Goal.

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Impact of Large-Scale PV Penetration on Power System Voltage and Angle Stability

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  1. Impact of Large-Scale PV Penetration on Power System Voltage and Angle Stability Caleb Walker and Alex Chan July 18, 2013 Knoxville, TN

  2. Overview • Power system basics • Solar power (CSP and PV) • Our project

  3. Our Goal • To research and understand the basics of solar technology and power systems • Analyze the effect of inserting solar panels into a large-scale power system

  4. Basic Terminology • Voltage (V)- Potential energy source • Current (I)- Flow of electrons, pushed and pulled by voltage • Resistance(R)- reduces current, causing heat due to friction

  5. Physical Laws • Faraday’s Law- A voltage is produced on any conductor in a changing magnetic field • Ampere’s and Lenz’s Law- A current flowing through a wire produces a magnetic field around the wire

  6. Power System

  7. Generation

  8. Transmission • The process of transporting electricity from the generators to the load • Why does increased voltage yield less power loss? • S = VI* • Power Loss = I2R

  9. Transformers • Used to step up and step down voltage • How do they work? Physical Laws 1 and 2!

  10. Solar Power • Enough energy from the sun falls on the earth in one hour to produce enough power for the world for the year • Two types: CSP and PV

  11. Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) • Uses lenses and mirrors to focus sunlight • Most common model of CSP is the parabolic trough

  12. CSP Cont. • It is easy to integrate CSP into the grid because it uses conventional steam turbines • Run about 20% efficiency • Because of steam turbines, hybrid configurations can be built

  13. Photovoltaic Cells • Device that directly converts sunlight into electricity • Absorbed light energy is transferred to electrons in the atoms of semiconductor materials

  14. PV Trends • Crystalline silicon is the most widely used semi-conductor • About 20% efficient • Accounts for roughly 80% of the market • Thin film solar cells • Well suited for mass production • More flexible and easy to integrate • Reduce costs but lowers efficiency • Amorphous silicon is most common

  15. “3rd Generation” PV Panels

  16. PV market dominated by Europe

  17. PSS/E • Power System Simulator for Engineering • Program for simulating, analyzing, and optimizing power system performance • Power flow calculations

  18. Our project • Using PSS/E, we modeled a 39 bus power system and determined the effects of adding PV panels to four of the busses.

  19. Area Tested

  20. System before PV is Added

  21. System After PV is Added

  22. Results-Voltage

  23. Results-Angle

  24. Conclusion • The addition of photovoltaicsincreases the stability of the power system.

  25. Acknowledgements • We would like to thank: • Our mentor, Fenkai • CURENT FACULTY

  26. Questions?

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