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Glacial Geology of the Finger Lakes (with a focus on Honeoye Lake)

Glacial Geology of the Finger Lakes (with a focus on Honeoye Lake). Honeoye Valley Association Annual Meeting Saturday, July 13, 2019.

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Glacial Geology of the Finger Lakes (with a focus on Honeoye Lake)

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  1. Glacial Geology of the Finger Lakes (with a focus on Honeoye Lake)

  2. Honeoye Valley Association Annual Meeting Saturday, July 13, 2019 Dr. Bruce GilmanDepartment of Environmental Conservation and HorticultureFinger Lakes Community College3325 Marvin Sands DriveCanandaigua, New York 14424Bruce.Gilman@retiree.flcc.edu

  3. Acknowledgements • Dr. Richard Young, SUNY Geneseo • Dr. David Barclay, SUNY Cortland • Dr. Henry Mullins, Syracuse University and • Herman Leroy Fairchild, University of Rochester

  4. THE PLEISTOCENE,“GREAT ICE AGE” A Very Different North America 20,000 years ago

  5. Landscapes covered by slowly flowing ice

  6. Global temperatures were 7º to 14º C colder than today

  7. Ocean levels fell by over100 meters (300 feet)! A cycle that repeated itself several times during the Great Ice Age

  8. Warmer & less ice Interglaciations Glaciations Colder & more ice Pleistocene Ice Ages starting ~2.5 million years ago ending 10,000 years ago Raymo, 1992

  9. How extensive? • 10% of our modern landscape is covered by glacial ice. • During the Great Ice Age, 32% of the global land surface was covered!

  10. Today Quaternary North America - Ron Blakey

  11. Greenland IS 20,000 years ago Laurentide Ice Sheet Quaternary North America - Ron Blakey

  12. Honeoye Regionat the peak of glaciation Antarctica - Kevin McMahon

  13. Ice Sheet Marginadvancing across upstate NY Lake Uplands

  14. Selective Linear Erosion • Glacial ice has a preference to move in pre-existing stream valleys aligned with basal flow direction – it’s the area of least resistance! • Any meanders in the original stream flow pattern are straightened out – glacial ice does not bend!

  15. Selective Linear Erosion at work in the Finger Lakes

  16. Ontario basin R S G C I H B A Finger Lakes Formation Story(pre-glaciation drainage patterns)

  17. Ontario basin R S G C Proglacial lakes I Proglacial lakes H B A Finger Lakes Formation Story(ice sheet advance)

  18. Ontario basin R S G C I H B A Finger Lakes Formation Story (ice sheet maximum)

  19. Ontario basin R S G C I H B A Finger Lakes Formation(Valley Heads Moraine deposition)

  20. Ontario basin R S G C I H B A Finger Lakes Formation(Drainage Divide Today)

  21. Water Erosion V-shaped rocky stream bed Ice Erosion U-shaped glacial sediment fill

  22. The Finger Lakes Region contains 28 broad U-shaped glacial troughs, 11 of these valleys are doubly dammed (north and south ends) by moraine deposits and contain water!

  23. Regional drainage at the time of Glacial Lake Honeoye

  24. Alaska – Ice Park Campground Glacial Lake Honeoye Landscape, 12,000 years ago

  25. Giant Beaver

  26. Ice Age Peccary

  27. American Mastodon

  28. Wooly Mammoth

  29. Migrating herds of large herbivores I couldn’t resist – great movie!

  30. Saber-Tooth Cat

  31. Dire Wolf and Peccary

  32. Giant Short-faced Bear

  33. With the Predators came the first Americans, Stone Age hunters

  34. THANK YOU for attending today’s annual meeting

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