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H EALTH E FFECTS OF H ARD W ATER

H EALTH E FFECTS OF H ARD W ATER. b y. Z AHID A LI S ALAMAT 2006-ag-1876. 1. Outline. What is hard water? Water hardness limits for human consumption Beneficial health effects of hard water Harmful health effects of hard water. 2. What is Hard Water?. Hard water

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H EALTH E FFECTS OF H ARD W ATER

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  1. HEALTH EFFECTS OF HARD WATER by ZAHID ALI SALAMAT 2006-ag-1876 1

  2. Outline • What is hard water? • Water hardness limits for human consumption • Beneficial health effects of hard water • Harmful health effects of hard water 2

  3. What is Hard Water? • Hard water • High concentration of mineral contents • Consists of Calcium and Magnesium metal ions • Sources • Dissolved polyvalent metallic ions from • Run-off from soils • Seepage • rocks 3

  4. Water Hardness Limits for Human Consumption • 80-100 mg/l is the optimum range • Greater than 200 mg/l is poor but tolerated • Greater than 500 mg/l is unacceptable domestically Greater than 500 mg/l is aesthetically unacceptable but is being tolerated in some communities. 4

  5. HEALTH BENEFITS 1. Role in Cardiovascular Diseases • Protective association • Lower cardiovascular mortality • 1 % decrease in further heart attack • lower ischemic heart diseases Ischemic heart diseases are characterized by reduced blood supply to heart muscles 5

  6. 2. Role in Constipation • Pivotal role of Ca and Mg • Combats constipation by promoting a clean colon • 1000-1500 mg is recommended daily dosage of hard water calcium Constipation means that a person has three or fewer bowl movements in a week 6

  7. 3. Gastric Cancer • Strong negative relationship • Odds ratio were 1.6 and 1.65 for slightly hard and soft water compared with hard water respectively 4. Lead Level and Hard Water • Reduced Lead level • Blood lead level fell Gastric Cancer: Cancerous growth that arises in stomach causing 800,000 deaths/year 7

  8. Kidney Stones and Hard Water • Dietary calcium reduces incidence of kidney stones • Calcium in lower intestine protects against kidney stones by binding oxalic acid from food and its absorption • Calcium in water effects just like dietary calcium Kidney Stone: Hard mass of from Crystals that separate from the urine within the urinary tract 8

  9. Conti… • Increased risk of kidney stones with calcium supplements, because • Calcium was not ingested with food • Exceeded the upper level of 2500 mg/day 6. Role in Longevity • Strong +ve correlation between • Low magnesium and decreased longevity • High calcium and magnesium and increased longevity 9

  10. Hypertension and Hard Water • Role of Ca and Mg is beneficial • In soft water areas higher risk of arterial hypertension • Hard water high in Mg have lower risks of hypertensions Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure is elevated, also referred as high blood pressure 10

  11. Hard Water ill Effects 1. Mineral Imbalance in Body • Excessive Ca may effect the iron and zinc absorption • Excessive Ca lower down the absorption of Mg • Disorders in the different body systems • Vitamin D required for efficient utilization of calcium 11

  12. Effect of Hard Water on Stomach • Leads to stomach disorders • Especially when contain MgSO4 • Can weaken the stomach permanently • Renal Calcium Stones • Increased risk of calcium stones • Amount and timing of dietary Ca effect • 50% increase in urinary Ca concentration • Soft water is preferred 12

  13. QUESTIONS! 13

  14. “Nothing is softer or more flexible than water, yet nothing can resist it” Take Care Thank You! 14

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