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Fundamental of MIS

Fundamental of MIS. Ali Rokhman. SIM & TEKNOLOGI. TIME. Internet. Manual. Alat Bantu. Komputer. Multimedia. SIM Tradisional (1). SIM bukan hal baru Informasi digunakan oleh bangsa Mesopotamia: Penerimaan, pengeluaran, persediaan, pinjaman, pembelian

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Fundamental of MIS

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  1. Fundamental of MIS Ali Rokhman

  2. SIM & TEKNOLOGI TIME Internet Manual Alat Bantu Komputer Multimedia

  3. SIM Tradisional (1) • SIM bukan hal baru • Informasi digunakan oleh bangsa Mesopotamia: • Penerimaan, pengeluaran, persediaan, pinjaman, pembelian • Suku Indian Inca 500 tahun yang lalu: • Kembangkan SI; jumlah makanan di gudang, transaksi dagang, catatan peperangan, jumlah penduduk • Revolusi industri abad 18, kebutuhan pemrosesan data meningkat

  4. SIM Tradisional (2) • Tradisional-Modern: Teknologi penunjang • Sebelum ada komputer SIM telah ada untuk membantu manajer menyediakan informasi untuk perencanaan dan pengendalian operasi • Teknologi penunjang: • Alat hitung • Komputer • Internet • ICT and Multimedia

  5. Information • The most valuable resources • As blood in an organization

  6. Benefit of Information • Increases knowledge • Reduces uncertainty

  7. Five Main Resources • Man (personal) • Material • Machine • Money • Method • Information (and data) • Information based decision making

  8. Data and Information • Data: • Facts, events, transactions etc, which have been recorded (Fakta, peristiwa, transaksi yang dapat direkam) • The input raw material from which information is produced (Input bahan dasar dimana informasi diproduksi) • Information: • Data that have been processed in such way as to be useful to the recipient (Data diproses melalui cara tertentu sehingga berguna bagi penerima)

  9. Dec: POAC Information System USER PROCESSES Data Information INPUT OUTPUT Komponen Dasar Sistem Informasi Process

  10. Komponen Dasar Sistem Informasi Fisip FE Saintek Biologi Hukum Sistem Informasi 655 2455 1589 976 1355

  11. Sistem Informasi • Seperangkat komponen yang saling berhubungan yang berfungsi untuk pengumpulan, penyimpanan, dan pemrosesan data sehingga menghasilkan informasi (Rokhman, 2003)

  12. Apakah Sistem Informasi Itu?

  13. Apakah Sistem Informasi Itu?

  14. Tugas Kelompok hari ini • Setiap kelompok …orang • Mendiskusikan Film “Old School Friends” • Pada adegan film, mana saja yang termasuk sistem informasi • Mungkinkah diterapkan di Indonesia? • Apa saja prasyaratnya jika diterapkan di Indonesia?

  15. Information Classifications • Source: internal, external, primary, secondary, government etc • Level: strategic, tactical, operational etc. • Time: historical, present, future • Frequency: continuous (real time) hourly, daily, monthly, annually etc. Lucey 2002

  16. Information Classifications • Use: planning, control, decision making etc. • Form: written, oral, visual, sensory etc. • Occurence: at planned intervals, occasional, on demand etc. • Type: detailed, summarised, aggregated, abstracted etc.

  17. Problem Solving Information Comes in Many Forms Internal Sources External Sources Written Media Oral Media Tours Voice Mail Business Meals Periodicals Telephone Scheduled Meetings Electronic mail Letters & Memos Noncomputer reports Computer Reports Unscheduled Meetings Problem Solving

  18. Data Characteristics • Data are facts obtained by: • Reading • Observation • Counting • Measuring • Weighing etc • Called raw or basic data • Records of day to day transactions of the organisation: • Attendance list of lecture (university), medical records (hospital), selling and buying (super market) Recorded

  19. How Data & Information are Managed • Diperoleh • Dirangkai • Disimpan • Digunakan secara maksimal • Diganti • Dihancurkan

  20. Value of Information

  21. Characteristics of Good Information • Relevant for its purpose • Sufficiently accurate for its purpose • Complete enough for the problem • From a source in which the user has confidence • Communicated to the right person • Communicated in time for its purpose • That which contains the right level of detail • Communicated by an appropriate channel of communication • That which is understandable by the user

  22. Relevance • Harus sesuai dengan problem yang sedang dihadapi • Sampah informasi

  23. Accuracy • Almost exactly to fact or to a standard • Informasi tentang jumlah mahasiswa dan IPK harus sama dengan faktanya

  24. Perbedaan jalur masuk dan IPK

  25. Completeness • Idealnya semua informasi yang dibutuhkan untuk pengambilan keputusan tersedia dengan lengkap • Example: • Informasi tentang mahasiswa yang mengsisi KRS untk semester ini per program studi harus lengkap sehingga dapat dijadikan bahan pengambilan keputusan pimpinan universitas

  26. Peengisi KRS per Fakultas (6 Sept)

  27. Confidence in the Source • The source has been realiable in the past • There is good communication between the information producer and the manager • Need triangulation of the source

  28. Communicate to the right person • Setiap manajer mempunyai beban kerja dan tanggung jawab masing-masing • Membutuhkan informasi untuk melancarkan tugasnya • Sering terjadi informasi dikomunikasikan kepada pegawai yang tidak tepat

  29. Login akses • Dengan account, sumber informasi dapat dipercaya • Yang berhak akses informasi juga dapat dikontrol

  30. Timing • In time to be used • Conflict with accuracy • But with modern processing quick and accurate • Delay make waste time and money

  31. Detail • Untuk bidang tertentu, informasi harus disediakan secara detail • Informasi yang kurang detail menimbulkan multi interpretasi • Semakin rendah hirarki membutuhkan informasi yang lebih detail

  32. Factors Stimulating Interest in Information Management • Increasing complexity of organization • Ekonomi internasional • Kompetisi global • Kemajuan iptek • Bertambahnya ukuran organisasi • Improved computer capabilities • Size • Speed

  33. Pengguna Sistem Informasi • Manajer • Non Manajer • Pekerja • Individu dan organisasi dalam suatu lingkungan organisasi: • Internal • External

  34. The Influence of Management Level on Information Source Strategic planning level Environtmental Management control level Operational control level Internal

  35. Information Services ada pada setiap tingkat Strategic planning level Management Control Level Operational Control Level Finance Function Information Services Function Manufacturing Function Marketing Function Human Resources Function

  36. What Managers do -- Mintzberg’s Roles • Interpersonal roles • Figurehead • Leader • Liaison • Informational roles • Monitor • Disseminator • Spokesperson • Decisional roles • Entrepreneur • Disturbance handler • Resource allocator • Negotiator

  37. Management Skills • Communications • Problem solving Supported by information specialist

  38. Keahlian yang harus dimiliki… • Computer literacy • Internet literacy • ICT literacy • Information literacy

  39. ICT Literacy • Pengetahuan tentang ICT • Memahami terminologi ICT • Mengenal keunggulan dan kelemahan ICT • Mampu menggunakan ICT

  40. Information Literacy • Kelanjutan pengetahuan tentang ICT • Harus dimiliki oleh manajer modern dan siapa saja… • Meliputi: • Pemahaman untuk menggunakan ICT pada setiap langkah dalam proses penyelesaian masalah • Di mana informasi dapat diperoleh?

  41. Era End-User Application • Pengembangan software diperuntukkan bagi pengguna tingkat akhir • User friendly • Easy to use

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