Chapter 15

1. Chapter 15 Doors and Windows 1

2. Introduction • Doors and windows perform several functions. • They shield an opening from the elements. • Add decoration and expand visibility. • Emphasize the overall design. • Provide light and ventilation. • Planning is necessary to provide maximum design and function. 2

3. Interior and Exterior Doors • Several door classification systems are used to identify types of doors. • Two broad classes are interior and exterior doors. • Doors also may be grouped according to method of construction, uses, function, or location. • Doors are typically 6'-8" high and available in various widths. 3

4. Interior Doors • Common types of interior doors include: • Flush, panel, bi-fold, sliding, pocket, double-action, accordion, Dutch, and French. • Interior doors should be at least 32" wide for wheelchair passage. • Lever or pull-handles may be easier for a handicapped person. (continued) 4

5. Interior Doors • Flush Doors • Smooth on both sides. • Generally 1-3/8" thick. (Interior Door) • Hollow-core doors with wood frame. • Available in widths of 2'-0" to 3'-0" in increments of 2". • Surfaces usually covered with 1/8" Masonite or plywood of mahogany or birch. (continued) 5

6. Interior Doors • Flush door and symbol. (continued) 6

7. Interior Doors • Panel Doors • Frame and panel construction. • Vertical frame members are called stiles. • Horizontal frame members are called rails. • Panels are thinner than frame and fill the space between stiles and rails. • Panels may be wood, glass, metal, etc. • Frame may be made from white pine, plastic, or other woods. (continued) 7

8. Interior Doors • Left—Typical panel door. • Right—Panel door with plan view symbol. (continued) 8 (Morgan Products Ltd.)

9. Interior Doors • Bi-Fold Doors • Two-part door, hinged in the center. • Supported with conventional hinges or secured to the head jamb and floor with a pivot hinge. • May be flush, paneled, or louvered (Those dressing room doors with the slits in them). • Popular as closet doors. • Installed as pairs (panels 1'-0" to 2'-0" wide). • Heights of 6'-8" and 8'-0" available. • Wood or plastic 1-1/8" thick and metal 1" thick. (continued) 9

10. Interior Doors • Left—Bi-fold door with panels. • Right—Bi-fold door with plan view symbol. (continued) 10 (Morgan Products Ltd.)

11. Interior Doors • Sliding Doors • Use two or more doors to close an opening. • Popular as closet doors. • Hung from a tract on the head jamb • Door pulls are recessed. • Glides on the floor prevent swinging. • May be flush, panel, or louvered. (continued) 11

12. Interior Doors • Sliding doors with plan view symbol. (continued) 12

13. Interior Doors • Pocket Doors • Hung from a track mounted on a head jamb. • Variation of the sliding door; usually flush. • One door is generally used to close an opening. • Door rests in a wall pocket when opened. • Generally used between rooms. • Require no wall space when opened. (Allows for max. reach-in space) • Pocket cavity may cause problems for outlets or cabinets. (continued) 13

14. Interior Doors • Pocket door with plan view symbol. (continued) 14

15. Interior Doors • Double-Action Doors • Use special hinges so the door can swing through an arc of 180°. • Doors are mounted in the center of the side jamb. • Generally used between rooms with heavy traffic. • May be single or double doors—panel, flush, or louvered style. (continued) 15

16. Interior Doors • Double-action door with plan view symbol. (continued) 16

17. Interior Doors • Accordion Doors • Used to close large openings. • Require little space when open. • Produced in a large variety of materials and designs—wood, plastics, or fabric. • Doors may be hinged panels or large folded piece of fabric or other material. • Mounted on a track on the head jamb. (continued) 17

18. Interior Doors • Accordion door with plan view symbol. (continued) 18

19. Interior Doors • Dutch Doors • Upper and lower sections. • Upper section may operate independently of the lower section. • Allows light and ventilation. • Generally used between the kitchen and dining room or as an exterior door. (continued) 19

20. Interior Doors • Dutch door with plan view symbol. (continued) 20

21. Interior Doors • French doors have several panels of glass housed in a frame and are generally used between rooms. (continued) 21 (Morgan Products Ltd.)

22. Interior Doors • French doors with plan view symbol. 22

23. Exterior Doors • Residential exterior and interior doors are similar in many ways, but have decided differences. • Exterior doors are generally solid core and thicker than interior doors. • Exterior doors may have one or more glass panels to provide visibility. • Exterior door styles include flush, panel, and swinging or sliding glass doors. (continued) 23

24. Exterior Doors • These are standard plan view symbols of common exterior doors. (continued) 24

25. Exterior Doors • Flush Doors • One of the most popular exterior doors. • Wood flush doors are generally 1-3/4" thick and 3'-0" wide; other widths are available. • Doors are made from birch, mahogany, oak, or metal. • Moldings or other decorative millwork may be added to enhance the appearance. (continued) 25

26. Exterior Doors • This exterior flush door has decorative molding and a large, leaded-glass light. (continued) 26 (Peachtree Doors, Inc.)

27. Exterior Doors • A traditional exterior panel door. (continued) 27

28. Exterior Doors • Sliding glass doors. (continued) 28 (Pella/Rolscreen Company)

29. Exterior Doors • Sliding glass door sizes. 29

30. Garage Doors • The most popular style of garage door today is the overhead sectional door. • Garage doors are available in wood, metal, and plastics. • If an automatic garage door opener is to be installed, additional headroom and an electrical outlet must be provided. (continued) 30

31. Garage Doors • Overhead sectional door. (continued) 31

32. Garage Doors • Garage door sizes. 32

33. Specifying Doors • Each door used in a residential plan should appear in a door schedule. • The specifications for each door will appear in the door schedule. • Use manufacturers’ literature for specifications. • Place the door schedule on the sheet with the floor plan or elevations. (continued) 33

34. Specifying Doors • Typical door schedule. 34

35. Door Details • Most interior and exterior doors are placed in a door jamb. • The door jamb fits inside the rough opening. • Jambs may be wood or metal. • A jamb consists of two side jambs and a head jamb. • Exterior jambs are usually 1-1/8" thick and interior jambs are 3/4" thick. 35

36. Door Jamb 36

37. Door Stop 37

38. Door Jambs • Door jambs usually have a door stop. • Rabbet joint in exterior jambs. • Applied to the face of interior jambs. • Jambs are available as prehung units. • Prehung units are assembled with the door hung and ready for installation. • Prehung units are adjustable for different wall thicknesses. 38

39. Rough Opening • Rough openings for interior doors are usually framed 3" larger than the door height; 2-1/2" larger than the door width. • Space between the jamb and framing is covered with trim called casing. • Exterior casing in a masonry wall is called brick mold. • The drip cap is used over the outside top of the door in frame construction. 39

40. Windows • Windows • Admit light from outside. • Provide fresh air and ventilation. • Help create an atmosphere inside. • Add detail, balance, and design to the exterior of the house. 40

41. Window Types • Typical windows. (continued) 41

42. Window Types • There are three basic types of windows used in residential construction. • Sliding. • Swinging. • Fixed. • Combination windows combine two or more types. • Skylights and clerestory windows are location specific. 42

43. Sliding Windows • Double-hung and horizontal sliding are the two types of sliding windows generally used in residential construction. • Double-hung windows have two major assemblies called sashes. • Each sash may be opened. • Muntins divide the glass area of a window into smaller units. • Mullions are placed between window units. (continued) 43

44. Sliding Windows • Four different sizes are usually given for each window • Basic unit size: Overall dimensions of the window. • Rough opening size: Dimensions of the framed space in the wall. • Sash opening: Outside dimensions of sash. • Glass size: Inside dimensions of the sash. (continued) 44

45. Double-Hung Window Details • Unit sizes. (continued) 45

46. Horizontal Sliding Windows • Horizontal sliding windows usually have two sashes that move in a tract. 46 (Caradco)

47. Horizontal Sliding Window Details • Unit sizes. (continued) 47

48. Horizontal Sliding Window Details 48

49. Swinging Windows • There are four common types of swinging windows: • Casement, awning, hopper, and jalousie. • A casement window may have several sashes or a single sash. • Sashes are hinged at the side and swing outward. • Sashes may be opened using a crank or push bar. 49

50. Casement Windows (continued) 50 (Marvin Windows)