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The Arch

The Arch. D. Bertrand, J. De Bruyne , P. De Harenne , L. Etienne, S. Hannaert , G. Van Beek. The Arch. Determination of the cosmic rays zenith angle distribution by timing measurements Demonstration of the principle of a TOF detector

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The Arch

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  1. The Arch D. Bertrand, J. De Bruyne, P. De Harenne, L. Etienne, S. Hannaert, G. Van Beek

  2. The Arch • Determination of the cosmic rays zenith angle distribution by timing measurements • Demonstration of the principle of a TOF detector • Practical for 3rd (or 4th) yearstudents • Future: recording of Cherenkov rings with a multi-anode PM

  3. Detector elements • Based on scintillatorstrips of the targettracker module of the OPERA experiment; • 7 m bars cutinto 13 cm rods (TiO2 on end faces); • Groovesenlarged in order to put 2 wlsfibers; • Gluedhorizontally.

  4. Detector elements • 8 rows of 40 rods Ribbonlength 517 cm, width 21 cm; • 16 wlsfibers (604 cm each); • Read by Hamamatsu H6780 PM’s (gain: 106; rise time: 780 ps, transit time spead 230 ps; DC-DC converter)  PM1 & PM2

  5. Detector elements • Central module: 21× 21×2 cm3 plastic scintillatorread by 2 face to face PM’s (Hamamatsu R7400)gain ~106 @ 850 Vrise time: 780 pstransit time spread: 230 ps PM3 & PM4

  6. Calibration • Time/position: 16 blueLED’s (8 on eachside of the ribbon) • Efficiency: 21× 21×2 cm3 plastic scintillatorread by a Photonis XP3102 PMgain : 5×105 @ 900 Vrise time: 2 nstransit time: 23.8 ns •  PM5 moveable in 8 positions along the Archcorresponding to the LED0/LED7 positions

  7. Specificelectronic modules • TDC CAEN V1290A: • 320 MHz clock + DLL with 32 delayelements 98 ps • R-C delaylines  veryhighresolution (25 ps) but needs calibration following an internal design • Hits stored in individual buffers for eachchannel • Buffers emptied in a FIFO (32kwds of 32bits) • Continuous or trigger inducedreading • Lowthresholddiscriminator • CAEN N417: • 8 channelswithseparateadjustablethreshold and width • Width range: 15 – 800 ns • Threshold range : 1.5 – 250 mV • 2 channels/PM (double discrimination)

  8. TDC reading in trigger mode Memory/FIFO clock cycle : 25 ns Window offset Match windowwidth Reject margin Extra search margin Match windowwidth < | window offset | ≤ 4095 clock cycles = 102375 ns Match windowwidth + window offset ≤ 40 clock cycles = 1000 ns

  9. The surveyparameters

  10. Position calibration (LED’s) 58 ns (PM) +51 ns (LED timing)+45 ns (twisted pair) + wlsfiberdelay LED driver ~20 Hz Timing unit Disc TDC (trigger) TDC (chan 4) ~200 ns (timing unit) LV0 (15 V) PM1 Disc (1.5 mV) TDC (chan 0) PM1 LV1 (15 V) PM2 Disc (~3 mV) LV2 (6.5 V) PM2 TDC (chan 1) LED Disc (1.5 mV) Disc (~3mV) Width: 100 ns

  11. Patch pannels From the Arch To the Arch On the Arch (side 1)

  12. Position calibration (LED’s) 0 50397400 4 50218275 1 50428700 0 46431100 4 46253000 1 46463050 0 43984525 4 43806025 1 44016500 0 41657325 4 41478250 1 41689050 0 37752050 4 37572775 1 37784800 0 35280825 4 35102500 1 35314550 0 32486850 4 32308750 1 32521350 0 29436825 4 29258600 1 29471300 ● ● ●

  13. LED voltage / time distribution width From 0.5 V to 6.5 V

  14. LED voltage / Time delay From 0.5 V to 6.5 V

  15. Gaussian fit (typicalwitdth: 1.2 ns)

  16. Linearregression v : 16.14±0.06 cm/ns LED’s 0-7 LED’s 1-7 v : 16.36±0.06cm/ns LED’s 1-15 LED’s 8-15 v : 16.30±0.04 cm/ns v : 16.32±0.03 cm/ns  6.13 ns/m

  17. Efficiency 0.7 0.6 PM1/PM2 LV: 15 V Disc: 3 mV PM5 HV: 900V Disc: 30 mV NIM scaler

  18. Data acquisition PM1 Disc (1.5 mV) TDC (chan 0) LV0 (15 V) PM1 57 ns (PM1/2) –45 ns (PM3/4)+20 ns (wlsfiber: 3 m × 6.14 ns/m) LV1 (15 V) Disc (~3 mV) PM2 PM2 TDC (chan 1) HV0 (850 V) Disc (1.5 mV) PM3 TDC (trigger) HV1 (850 V) PM4 Disc (~3mV) TDC (chan 2) PM3 Disc (1.5 mV) ~32 ns Disc (20 mV) TDC (chan 3) PM4 Disc (1.5 mV) ~32 ns Disc (20mV)

  19. LabVIEW acquisition system 1 28264275 2 28245700 0 28275825 3 28245850 0 50571950 2 50546650 1 50578500 3 50545575 0 3554725 2 3524625 1 3550325 3 3525725 0 10165850 2 10144200 1 10173625 3 10144350 1 20795700 2 20772750 0 20809150 3 20772475 0 46348350 2 46330125 1 46372050 3 46331250 ● ● ● 100 µ m-2s-1 x 0.044 m2 x 0.68 (efficiency) / 2p = 0.48 Hz

  20. Angular distribution

  21. TOF 6.7 ns 12 ns

  22. TOF  Momentum MeV

  23. Momentumangulardependence Right Left

  24. Momentumangulardependence < 20° 20°-40° > 40°

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