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Cold War Chapter 26 . 1 Notes

Cold War Chapter 26 . 1 Notes. After WWII US & Soviet Union emerged as superpowers different politically & economically Soviet : communist country & gov’t controlled everything property , economics, & individual rights

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Cold War Chapter 26 . 1 Notes

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  1. Cold War Chapter 26.1 Notes

  2. After WWII US & Soviet Union emerged as superpowers • different politically & economically • Soviet: communist country & gov’t controlled everything • property, economics, & individual rights • America: capitalist country-private citizens control economy • Tensions build between the two superpowers after WWII: • Stalin had been ally of Hitler at 1st • US slow to attack German front-attacked Africa & Italy 1st • US had kept the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos • Atomic Bomb-a secret

  3. UN United Nations-50 nations met in San Francisco for 2 months to gain world peace • US & Soviet Union join but used it to spread their influence • Truman’s 1st test as diplomat was Potsdam Conference-Big Three (US, GB, SU) • Stalin had promised FDR at Yalta that he would allow free elections in new occupied territories. • He would not keep his promise/Truman mad • Truman’s goal was to spread democracy to nations that had been under Nazi rule • Truman felt that US had a large economic stake in spreading democracy & free trade • US had boomed during the war becoming the world economic leader, but needed more raw resources

  4. Stalin thought since communism & capitalism were so different war was inevitable • Stalin installed communist gov’ts hoping to prevent future invasion from the west • (satellite nations)-Albania, Bulgaria, Czech, Hungary, Romania, & Poland • NATO-North Atlantic Treaty Organization-12 members pledged support in case of an attack. • 1st time in history US entered into alliance during peacetime& had ended hopes of returning to isolationism after WWII

  5. Containment policy-foreign policy to prevent communism from spreading to countries in Europe & Asia • The containment policy guided Truman’s & following presidents foreign policies during the Cold War • Iron Curtain-name given by Churchill to the political division of Europe between communism & democracy • Cold War-US & Soviet Union-neither nation confronted on a battlefield & it lasted from 1945-1991 • Truman Doctrine-gave military aid to (400 million) Turkey & Greece to help stop communism • Truman Doctrine supply any country with military/economic aid to prevent falling to Soviet Union

  6. Marshall Plan-US economic program to rebuild Western Europe and help oppose communism after WWII. • The Marshall Plan was not a direct attack on communism--aid offered to USSR but they denied it • Germany becomes a hotbed in the containment policy • US, GB, France united Germany zones • Soviet Union was angered & closed highways & rails into West Berlin • Resulted in no fuel or food to reach that part of the city • 2.1 millions citizens had only enough supplies to last five weeks • Berlin Airlift-US & Britain dropped food & supplies into W.Berlin for 327 days, every few minutes

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