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GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR 2013 GLOBAL REPORT

GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR 2013 GLOBAL REPORT. In 1999, GEM launched its survey on entrepreneurship in 10 developed economies. 75% of the world’s population. In 2013, its 15 th year, GEM surveyed 197,000 adults, 3800 experts in 70 economies. 90% of the world’s GDP.

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GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR 2013 GLOBAL REPORT

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  1. GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR 2013 GLOBAL REPORT

  2. In 1999, GEM launched its survey on entrepreneurship in 10 developed economies 75% of the world’s population In 2013, its 15th year, GEM surveyed 197,000 adults, 3800 experts in 70 economies 90% of the world’s GDP

  3. Economic Development Levels Efficiency-Driven Economies Innovation-Driven Economies Factor-Driven Economies Greater R&D, knowledge intensity, and expanding service sector. More potential for innovation. Increased industrialization and economies of scale. From subsistence agriculture to extraction of natural resources. Efficiency Enhancers Entrepreneurship Conditions Basic Requirements

  4. GEM 2013 Regions and Economies

  5. The GEM Framework • Basic Requirements • Institutions • Infrastructure • Macroeconomic Stability • Health and Primary Education Established Firms Employee Entrepreneurship Activity From other available sources From Gem Adult Population Survey (APS) • Efficiency Enhancers • Higher Education and Training • Goods Market Efficiency • Labor Market Efficiency • Financial Market Sophistication • Technological Readiness • Market Size Entrepreneurship Profile Social and Economic Development (Jobs, Innovation, Social value) Attitudes: Perceived opportunities and capabilities; Fear of failure; Status of entrepreneurship Social Cultural, Political, Context • Innovation and Entrepreneurship • Entrepreneurial Finance • Government Policies • Government Entrepreneurship Programs • Entrepreneurship Education • R&D Transfer • Commercial & Legal Infrastructure • Internal Market Openness • Physical Infrastructure • Cultural and Social Norms Activity: Opportunity/Necessity driven; Early stage; Inclusiveness; Industry; Exits From Gem Adult Population Survey (APS) From Gem National Expert Surveys Aspirations: Growth; Innovation; International orientation; Social value creation

  6. GEM Global Report: 2013 • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being

  7. Entrepreneurial Perceptions and Attitudes

  8. GEM Global Report: 2013 • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being

  9. The Entrepreneurship Process Discontinuance Total Early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) Potential Entrepreneurs: Beliefs and Attitudes Nascent New Established Conception FirmBirth Early-stageEntrepreneurshipProfile Persistence

  10. Total Early Stage Entrepreneurial Activity

  11. Entrepreneurs Motivations

  12. Male and Female Early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity

  13. GEM Global Report: 2013 • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being

  14. Job Expectations for Early-stage Entrepreneurs

  15. GEM Global Report: 2013 • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being

  16. Some Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions

  17. GEM Global Report: 2013 • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being

  18. Fifteen Years of GEM • Hardly any attention to entrepreneurship in 1980s • With increasing interest, lack of comparable data across countries becomes apparent • GEM emerges in 1997, first study in 1999 • Initial focus was on business creation phase (TEA) • Now more encompassing view: entrepreneurial profiles

  19. Profiles of Entrepreneurship: Greece

  20. Fifteen Years of GEM: Entrepreneurship and the Business Cycle • Initial years: GEM indicators seemed to be stable • Now we see that many economies have shown fluctuations that can be explained • Crisis can lead to different responses in terms of new entrepreneurial activity • Therefore: patterns across economies show similarities and differences • Expertise GEM National Teams crucial for explaining the observed patterns

  21. Entrepreneurship and the Business Cycle: United States

  22. Entrepreneurship and the Business Cycle: Argentina

  23. GEM Global Report: 2013 • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being • Entrepreneurial Attitudes • Entrepreneurship Activity • Entrepreneurship Aspirations • Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions • GEM After 15 years • Special Topic: Entrepreneurship & Well-Being

  24. Entrepreneurship and Well-being

  25. Implications and Recommendations • Entrepreneurs tend to assess their subjective well-being more favorably. • Female entrepreneurs are generally more satisfied. • GEM results have made clear that different types of entrepreneurship coexist. • Entrepreneurial aspirations are also crucial for assessing the quality of entrepreneurship. • Increasing the number of start-ups or self-employment is not the same as a focus on stimulating entrepreneurship

  26. Our Thanks to… • The 70 GEM 2013 National Teams • Global Sponsors • Babson College • UniversitiTun Abdul Razak • Universidad del Desarrollo • Our Executive Director: Mike Herrington • The GERA Board • Michael Hay, Chair • Silvia Carbonell, Donna Kelley, Rebecca Namatovu,Slavica Singer, Leonardo Veiga, Roland Xavier, José Ernesto Amorós. • The GEM Coordination and Data Team • Chris Aylett, Francis Carmona, Alicia Coduras, Marcia Cole, Ingrid Copperman, Yana Litovskyand Jeff Seaman.

  27. GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR 2013 GLOBAL REPORT

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