1 / 15

Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds

Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds. Review. What information is in a chemical formula? What chemical formulas do you already know? Do they represent ionic or covalent compounds?. Oxidation Numbers -Patterns.

oral
Télécharger la présentation

Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds

  2. Review What information is in a chemical formula? What chemical formulas do you already know? Do they represent ionic or covalent compounds?

  3. Oxidation Numbers -Patterns Remember the periodic tables you created, what was the same for all of the elements in group 1 (H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr)? Group 2? Groups 13-18? Why does group 18 rarely, if ever, form bonds with other elements?\ What does this information tell you about the resulting charges of ions that form?

  4. http://www.elementsdatabase.com/

  5. Group 1 - 1+ Group 2 - 2+ Group 13 – 3+ Group 14 – 4+ Group 15 – 3- Group 16 – 2- Group 17 – 1- Group 18 – Complete shell, very stable

  6. Binary Ionic Compounds Binary compound is a compound made of two elements. Review - What is the charge on an ionic compound? I hope you said it’s NEUTRAL. Why? Because compounds are most stable when they are neutral.

  7. Binary Compound What’s the formula for lithium nitride? • Find each element on the periodic table. • Determine the oxidation numbers (ion charges) Li 1+ and N 3- • Balance the ion charges. 3 Li 1+ = 1 N 3- • Write the formula, positive ion before negative. Make sure you write the numbers in subscript. Li3N

  8. Naming Binary Compounds Now let’s go backwards: NaCl as example • Write the name of the positive ion. Sodium • If that ion has more than one oxidation number write it next to the name in Roman numerals. • Find the root in the name for the negative ion. Chlorine – Chlor 4. Add ide to the root Chloride

  9. Practice KBr MgO CaF2 Li2O

  10. Ions with multiple oxidation numbers Some elements form more than one type of ion with different charges and so will combine with other ions in different combinations. Copper (I) Chloride = CuCl Cu+ and Cl- Copper (II) Chloride = CuCl2 Cu2+ and 2 Cl-

  11. Polyatomic Ions Some common ions contain more than one atom. Poly-many The formula for sodium carbonate Na + and CO32- You need 2 Na + to make the compound neutral Na2 CO3

  12. Hydrates Hydrates are compounds with water bound to them. • Name the ionic compound. • Then name by the number of water molecules using hydrate CaSO4·2H2O Calcium sulfate dihydrate

  13. Covalent Compounds Relax, now this should be much easier, once you remember these prefixes.

  14. Covalent Compounds Remember, in many covalent compounds the elements are close to each other on the periodic table. For instance, Nitrogen and Oxygen Here are the steps: • Add the appropriate prefix to the first element. • Add the appropriate prefix to the second element and make sure it ends in “ide”.

  15. Covalent Compounds NO Nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide N2O Dinitrogen oxide NO2 Nitrogen dioxide N2O5Dinitrogen pentoxide

More Related