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POND AQUACULTURE BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN GHANA: To Adopt or n ot t o Adopt

POND AQUACULTURE BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN GHANA: To Adopt or n ot t o Adopt. Yaw B. Ansah Emmanuel A. Frimpong. Aquaculture. Negatives Nutrients (N and P) Biochemical oxygen demand Suspended solids Pathogens Non-native species/strains. Duke. Positives

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POND AQUACULTURE BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN GHANA: To Adopt or n ot t o Adopt

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  1. POND AQUACULTURE BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN GHANA:To Adopt or not to Adopt Yaw B. Ansah Emmanuel A. Frimpong

  2. Aquaculture • Negatives • Nutrients (N and P) • Biochemical oxygen demand • Suspended solids • Pathogens • Non-native species/strains Duke • Positives • High-quality animal protein • Increased employment • Profit for entrepreneurs • Foreign exchange earnings • Saving wild fish stocks Webshots NOAA Fishfarming

  3. Best Management Practices • Categories: • Effluent management • Nutrient management • This study: • Pond water: Reused / new • Fish feed: Floating / sinking

  4. Innovation Adoption • Relative profitability More Profitable? Yes No Reject Adopt

  5. Innovation Adoption • How do we convince fish farmers? • Feed cost / kg $1.00 $0.13

  6. Study Area

  7. Design WATER TYPE New water Floating feed New water Sinking feed FEED TYPE Old water Floating feed Old water Sinking feed

  8. Survey • Administered in person (2011-2013) • 363 respondents (pond fish farmers)

  9. Data • Fish harvest weight Frimpong, et al., 2014. Effects of two environmental BMPs on pond water and effluent quality and growth of Nile tilapia, Oreochromisniloticus. Sustainability, 6, 652-675.

  10. Data • Fish price

  11. Linear Programming Model Z = total profits p = revenue for each BMP combination pond k = a unique water+feed combination c = per unit cost of input l = a production input • General Algebraic Modelling System software (GAMS)

  12. Linear Programming Model Constraints: e.g., • Each production cycle:

  13. Linear Programming Results

  14. Linear Programming Results

  15. Current work • Enterprise budgets for tilapia farming in Ghana • Incorporating Risk and Sensitivity analysis • Impact of harvest size on fish price • Impacts of feed type, pond morphometrics, stocking density, and fingerling size on harvest size

  16. Future Extensions • Reduced feeding in reused water ponds • Fertilization / Primary production • Uneaten feed from previous cycle • Lowering feeding rate

  17. Funding for this research was provided by the The AquaFish Innovation Lab is supported in part by United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Cooperative Agreement No. EPP-A-00-06-00012-00 and by contributions from participating institutions. This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this presentation does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use on the part of USAID or AquaFish. The accuracy, reliability, and originality of the work presented are the responsibility of the individual authors.

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